交叉反应的抗体增强了人类的登革热病毒感染
Wanwisa Dejnirattisai1, Amonrat Jumnainsong, Naruthai Onsirisakul
1Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK.
概括
连续的登革热病毒感染可能是严重的. 针对前体膜蛋白 (prM) 的抗体通过抗体依赖增强 (ADE) 增强感染,而不是中和它,影响疫苗设计.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 登革热病毒有四种血清型,连续感染很常见.
- 抗体依赖增强 (ADE) 是二次登革热感染严重程度增加的一个假设原因.
- 携带Fc受体的细胞与ADE介导的登革热病毒复制有关.
研究的目的:
- 为了生成和表征人类单克隆抗体对抗登革热病毒.
- 调查针对前体膜蛋白 (prM) 的抗体在登革热感染中的作用.
- 探索prM抗体活性对登革热疫苗开发的影响.
主要方法:
- 一组针对登革热病毒的人类单克隆抗体的生成.
- 在登革热血清型中对抗体交叉反应性的评估.
- 在体外对抗体中和ADE促进能力的评估.
主要成果:
- 针对前体膜蛋白 (prM) 的抗体是抗体反应的重要组成部分.
- 这些prM抗体在登革热血清型之间表现出广泛的交叉反应性.
- 在高度下,prM抗体没有中和登革热病毒,而是大力促进了ADE.
结论:
- prM 的部分分裂降低了病毒表面抗原密度,通过prM 特定抗体促进了ADE.
- 这种机制解释了prM的抗体如何增强登革热病毒感染.
- 结果表明,由于ADE诱导,针对prM可能对登革热疫苗设计有害.
相关概念视频
Cross-reactivity
Overview
Viral Recombination
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...


