多种作物中虫爆发与中国广泛采用Bt棉花相关
Yanhui Lu1, Kongming Wu, Yuying Jiang
1State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 15, 2010
概括
在中国广泛使用转基因Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) 棉花,导致非准虫的种群增加,它们已成为重要的农业害虫. 在Bt棉花田中减少杀虫剂的使用与这种害虫的复苏有关.
科学领域:
- 农业昆虫学 农业昆虫学
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 虫害管理 虫害管理 虫害管理
背景情况:
- 关于转基因作物对非目标生物的长期生态影响的研究有限,特别是在发展中国家.
- 许多发展中国家的小农农业系统是常见的,这使得它们对于理解农业创新的影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) 棉花对非目标害虫种群的长期生态影响.
- 评估Bt棉花在小农作物系统中害虫的出现和传播中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在中国北部进行了为期10年的实地试验.
- 监测了米里德虫 (Heteroptera:Miridae) 的种群动态.
- 分析了Bt棉花采用,杀虫剂使用和虫虫种群之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 在为期10年的研究期间,虫种群显著增加.
- 在高采用Bt棉花的地区,米里德虫在棉花和其他作物中获得了害虫地位.
- 确定Bt棉花田是虫虫的来源,其种群增加与减少杀虫剂的应用有关.
结论:
- 采用Bt棉花和相关的害虫管理实践的变化,特别是减少杀虫剂的使用,有助于增加像虫这样的非目标害虫.
- 在Bt棉花系统内的害虫管理制度的改变可能导致二次害虫的出现和在农业景观层面传播.
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