结核病控制和消除2010-50:治愈,护理和社会发展
Knut Lönnroth1, Kenneth G Castro, Jeremiah Muhwa Chakaya
1Stop TB Department, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland. lonnrothk@who.int
Lancet (London, England)
|May 22, 2010
概括
全球结核病控制工作已经治愈了数百万人,但面临着重大挑战. 需要新的战略来打击结核病的持续威胁,包括耐药菌株和艾滋病毒共同感染,以实现消除目标.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
背景情况:
- 世界卫生组织 (WHO) 的标准化结核病 (TB) 诊断和治疗方法在1995年至2008年期间治愈了超过3600万人,避免了数百万人的死亡.
- 尽管有进展,但结核病仍然是全球主要的健康威胁,每年有超过900万例新发病例,发病率缓慢下降.
- 由于持续存在的挑战,目前的战略不足以实现到2050年消除结核病的长期目标.
研究的目的:
- 突出全球结核病控制的持续挑战.
- 强调需要加快行动和创新的策略来消除结核病.
主要方法:
- 对全球结核病趋势和治疗结果的分析.
- 确定阻碍结核病控制的关键挑战,包括获得服务,过时的技术,多药耐药结核病,艾滋病毒/艾滋病联合感染和社会决定因素.
主要成果:
- 虽然结核病治疗和减少死亡率取得了显著进展,但疾病负担仍然很高.
- 关键的挑战包括:无法充分获得优质服务,过时的诊断和治疗工具,多药耐药结核病的增加,以及艾滋病毒/艾滋病的影响.
- 目前的战略不足以实现2050年消除结核病的目标.
结论:
- 实现结核病消除需要加大努力,超越目前的战略.
- 四个关键的行动领域包括扩大诊断和治疗,实施强有力的卫生系统政策,将结核病控制与更广泛的发展议程相结合,并促进创新研究.
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