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通过小规模的对流来塑造移动带
Claudio Faccenna1, Thorsten W Becker
1Dipartimento Scienze Geologiche, University Roma TRE, 00146 Rome Italy. faccenna@uniroma3.it
Nature
|June 4, 2010
概括
地幔对流对地中海等移动带的构造活动产生重大影响. 这项研究使用地震断层扫描来展示地幔流如何解释微板运动和动态地形.
科学领域:
- 地质物理学 地质物理学
- 构造学 构造学 构造学 构造学
- 地力学是什么?地力学是什么?
背景情况:
- 移动带是大陆收边缘内的广泛变形区域,以众多微板为特征.
- 地中海地区是一个移动带的例子,在努比亚和欧亚之间有一个分散的板块边界,呈现出复杂的构造特征.
- 虽然微板动力学已被理解,但地中海构造学,特别是地幔对流的动态驱动因素仍然存在争议.
研究的目的:
- 研究地幔对流在推动地中海移动带内的构造过程中的作用.
- 探索浮力驱动和板块运动诱导的地幔循环如何为观察到的动态地形和微板块运动做出贡献.
- 评估小规模地幔对流动对全球其他复杂移动带的更广泛影响.
主要方法:
- 基于高分辨率地震断层扫描数据的全球地幔流量计算.
- 对地震数据的分析,以推断地中海地区下方的地幔循环模式.
- 建模以将地幔流动力学与地表构造表达方式 (如动态地形和微板运动) 联系起来.
主要成果:
- 地幔流动模式为地中海观察到的动态地形提供了令人信服的解释.
- 计算的地幔循环有效地解释了该区域内的微板的独立运动.
- 有证据表明,最上层地幔中强烈的小规模对流起着至关重要的作用.
结论:
- 地幔对流是理解地中海移动带动态的一个关键因素,解释了地形和微板行为.
- 这些发现强调了在移动带进化过程中除了地和岩层相互作用外,考虑地幔流动的重要性.
- 这项研究为了解类似的复杂构造设置提供了一个框架,例如北美山脉和喜马拉雅-西藏碰撞区.
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