亚囊性鼻巨细胞可以防止中枢神经系统对神经向病毒的外围感染的入侵
Matteo Iannacone1, E Ashley Moseman, Elena Tonti
1Immune Disease Institute and Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. Matteo_Iannacone@hms.harvard.edu
Nature
|June 26, 2010
概括
淋巴结中的囊下鼻巨细胞阻止神经向病毒进入中枢神经系统. 削弱这些巨细胞会导致致命的,突出显示它们在抗病毒防御中的关键守门员作用.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 淋巴结对于捕获病原体和启动免疫反应至关重要.
- 众所周知,子囊鼻腔 (SCS) 巨细胞能够清除病毒并启动抗病毒性幽默免疫.
- 中枢神经系统 (CNS) 预防神经向病毒入侵中枢神经系统 (CNS) 的SCS巨细胞的作用尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究SCS巨细胞在防止淋巴细胞传播的神经变病毒进入中枢神经系统中的作用.
- 阐明SCS巨细胞对神经向性病毒感染的保护机制.
主要方法:
- 在小鼠模型中利用囊泡性口腔炎病毒 (VSV),一种神经向病毒.
- 采用局部耗尽LN巨细胞来评估它们在预防VSV神经入侵中的必要性.
- 通过使用骨髓基马体小鼠进行实验,研究不同细胞区和I型干扰素 (IFN-I) 的作用.
主要成果:
- 在大约60%的小鼠中,LN巨细胞的耗尽导致了通过外周神经的VSV神经入侵和致命的上升.
- 在巨足够的LNs中,VSV在SCS巨中复制,但没有感染相邻的神经.
- 确定SCS巨细胞是I型干扰素 (IFN-I) 的主要来源,并招募IFN-I生成的血细胞状树突细胞,这对于预防致命的VSV感染至关重要.
结论:
- 中枢神经系统巨细胞充当关键的守门人,防止淋巴细胞传播的神经向病毒进入中枢神经系统.
- IFN-I信号传递,作用于包括内节神经在内的造血和体膜区,对于由SCS巨细胞介导的保护至关重要.
- 这些发现揭示了SCS巨细胞在保护中枢神经系统免受来自外围的病毒感染方面具有新且至关重要的功能.
相关概念视频
Cell-mediated Immune Responses
65.0K
Overview
65.0K
Cells of the Innate Immune Response
8.4K
The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
8.4K
Immune Surveillance by NK Cells and Phagocytes
7.3K
Immune surveillance is an integral part of the innate immune system, involving the continuous monitoring of peripheral tissues to detect and respond to pathogens, infected cells, or cancerous cells. This surveillance is conducted primarily by natural killer (NK) cells and phagocytes, which employ distinct but complementary mechanisms to identify and eliminate threats.
Natural Killer Cells: The Fast Responders
NK cells are large granular lymphocytes found in the blood and lymphatic system. These...
Natural Killer Cells: The Fast Responders
NK cells are large granular lymphocytes found in the blood and lymphatic system. These...
7.3K
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens
2.4K
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
2.4K
Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology
49
Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...
49
Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology
32
Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...
32


