农业强化和生态系统特性
P A Matson1, W J Parton, A G Power
1Ecosystem Sciences Division, Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 29, 2010
概括
农业的强化促进了粮食生产,但也改变了生态系统. 基于生态的管理可以增强可持续农业和减少对环境的破坏.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 全球农业扩张和强化是环境变化的关键驱动力.
- 现代农业,通过高产品种,肥料,灌和农药,显著增加了粮食生产.
- 这些做法改变了生态系统的动态,资源的可用性,并可能导致不利的环境影响.
研究的目的:
- 突出农业集约化对环境的影响.
- 引入以生态为基础的管理作为可持续的替代方案.
- 倡导平衡粮食生产与生态健康的战略.
主要方法:
- 审查当前的农业实践及其对环境的影响.
- 分析生物相互作用和资源可用性的变化.
- 对可持续性的生态基础管理策略的评估.
主要成果:
- 强化实践对生态系统和资源可用性产生重大影响.
- 负面的环境影响可以是局部,区域和全球.
- 基于生态的管理为可持续农业提供了一条途径.
结论:
- 可持续的农业生产需要整合生态原则.
- 基于生态的管理可以减轻农业对环境的外部影响.
- 为了长期的粮食安全和环境健康,平衡加强与生态考虑是至关重要的.
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