转变作用的小RNA决定了Brassica自我不相容性中的主导关系
Yoshiaki Tarutani1, Hiroshi Shiba, Megumi Iwano
1Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan.
Nature
|August 21, 2010
概括
来自主导等位基因的小型非编码RNA (sRNA) 诱导了Brassica中衰减等位基因的甲基化和沉默. 这种机制解释了植物中单样基因表达和主导/倒退关系.
科学领域:
- 植物分子生物学 植物分子生物学
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
- 基因规则 基因规则
背景情况:
- 二倍体生物拥有两个基因副本,其中等位基因表达受到影响,主导性/衰退性关系影响表型.
- 单基因基因表达,只表达一个等位基因,在Brassica的S-locus蛋白11 (SP11) 基因中观察到.
- 递归的SP11基因基因表现出在表膜中的促进子甲基化,这表明单基因表达的表观遗传调节.
研究的目的:
- 研究控制支配性/衰退性等位基因关系和单等位基因表达的机制.
- 为了确定负责衰退SP11等位基促进体的特异甲基化因素.
- 阐明小型非编码RNA (sRNA) 在调节SP11基因表达中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在Brassica S-heterozygotes中分析SP11基因表达和促进物甲基化.
- 鉴定和描述在壁纸的小型非编码RNAs (sRNAs).
- 生物信息分析用于在基因组内定位sRNA前体序列.
- 通过将已识别的sRNA编码基因组区域引入递归S同胞体的功能验证.
主要成果:
- 在一些S-异构菌中证实了单基SP11的表达.
- 衰退SP11等位基因的促进子区域在面膜中被特别甲基化.
- 一种名为SP11甲基化诱导剂 (Smi) 的新型24核酸sRNA被确定.
- Smi是由侧面占主导地位的SP11等位基因组序列的倒置基因组序列衍生而成,并在面表皮表达.
- 引入Smi基因组区域诱导了S homozygotes中递归SP11等位基因的促进子甲基化和转录抑制.
结论:
- 由主导等位基因编码的小非编码RNA (sRNA) 在转基因中起作用,诱导衰减等位基因的表观遗传沉默.
- 这种sRNA介导的甲基化机制为单基因基因表达的调节提供了新的洞察力.
- 这些发现有助于理解植物的支配性/衰退性关系和表观遗传控制.
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