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在 (n,m) 单壁碳纳米管的带间隙上,强烈的微电驱环境影响

Yasuhiko Hirana1, Yasuhiko Tanaka, Yasuro Niidome

  • 1Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|August 27, 2010
PubMed
概括

单壁碳纳米管 (SWNT) 的电子带间隙受到其周围微电环境的显著影响. 电化学带间隙随着溶剂介电常数的下降而增加,与光学带间隙不同.

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Band Theory02:35

Band Theory

When two or more atoms come together to form a molecule, their atomic orbitals combine and molecular orbitals of distinct energies result. In a solid, there are a large number of atoms, and therefore a large number of atomic orbitals that may be combined into molecular orbitals. These groups of molecular orbitals are so closely placed together to form continuous regions of energies, known as the bands.
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Energy Bands in Solids

Isolated atoms have discrete energy levels that are well described by the Bohr model. And, it quantifies the energy of an electron in a hydrogen atom as En. Higher quantum numbers 'n' yield less negative, closer electron energy levels.
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When atoms are brought close together, as in a solid, these discrete energy levels begin to split due to the overlap of electron orbitals from adjacent atoms. This split occurs because of the Pauli exclusion principle, which states that no two...
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Semiconductors

There is variation in the electrical conductivity of materials - metals, semiconductors, and insulators that are showcased with the help of the energy band diagrams.
Metals such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), or lead (Pb) have low resistivity and feature conduction bands that are either not fully occupied or overlap with the valence band, making a bandgap non-existent. This allows electrons in the highest energy levels of the valence band to easily transition to the conduction band upon gaining...