2010年毛尔地震的滑落与安第斯山脉潜水带的地震前锁定有关
Marcos Moreno1, Matthias Rosenau, Onno Oncken
1Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Telegrafenberg, Potsdam 14473, Germany.
Nature
|September 11, 2010
概括
2010年马勒地震的发生时间
科学领域:
- 地震科学 地震科学 地震科学
- 地质物理学 地质物理学
- 构造学 构造学 构造学 构造学
背景情况:
- 2010年马乌尔地震发生在安第斯山脉潜水带的地震活跃区域.
- 这次巨型地震破裂了一个成熟的地震隙,具有高的地震潜力.
- 密集的地质测量监测提供了前所未有的板面接口锁定状态的分辨率.
研究的目的:
- 评估地震间板块锁定和地震间滑动之间的空间相关性.
- 测试预地震锁定可以预测未来地震断裂的假设.
- 了解锁定分布和地震破裂行为之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 全球定位系统 (GPS) 数据的反转用于映射地震间锁定.
- 分析2010年毛尔地震的共同地震滑坡分布.
- 在地震前锁定和地震前滑动模式之间的空间相关性分析.
主要成果:
- 地震滑动分布与观察到的地震间锁定模式密切匹配.
- 高地震滑动 (度) 发生在高地震前锁定区域.
- 破裂通过度之间的爬行区域传播,并在压力前降低的区域停止.
结论:
- 预地震锁定分布是未来地震滑动的强有力的指标.
- 地测观测可以预测未来大地震的地震潜力.
- 了解滑坡异质性是预测潜伏区地震行为的关键.
相关概念视频
Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses
As discussed in previous lessons, strain energy in a material is the energy stored when it is elastically deformed, a concept crucial in materials science and mechanical engineering. This energy results from the internal work done against the cohesive forces within the material. When a material undergoes shearing stress and corresponding shearing strain, the strain energy density, which is the energy stored per unit volume, is calculated. Within the elastic limit, where the stress is...
Relation Between the Distributed Load and Shear
Understanding the relationship between the distributed load and shear force in structural analysis is crucial for analyzing beams subjected to various loading conditions. Consider the case of a beam experiencing a distributed load, two concentrated loads, and a couple moment.
Relation Between the Shear and Bending Moment
When a beam is subjected to various loads, such as a distributed load, concentrated loads, and a couple moment, it experiences both shear forces and bending moments. To understand the relationship between these two forces, we can analyze an elemental section of the beam and draw a free-body diagram.
Magnetic Susceptibility and Permeability
In linear magnetic materials, like paramagnets and diamagnets, magnetization is proportional to the magnetic field intensity. The constant of proportionality, a dimensionless number, is called magnetic susceptibility. The value of the susceptibility depends on the type of material.
When diamagnetic materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Hence, the susceptibility for diamagnets has a minimal negative value of 10-5–10-6. Since...
When diamagnetic materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Hence, the susceptibility for diamagnets has a minimal negative value of 10-5–10-6. Since...
Elastic Strain Energy for Normal Stresses
Strain energy quantifies the energy stored within a material due to deformation under loading conditions, a fundamental concept in materials science and engineering. The strain energy can be modeled when a material is subjected to axial loading with uniformly distributed stress. In this scenario, the stress experienced by the material is the internal force divided by the cross-sectional area, and the strain induced is directly proportional to this stress through the modulus of elasticity.
If...
If...
Temperature Dependent Deformation
In a nonhomogeneous rod made up of steel and brass, restrained at both ends and subjected to a temperature change, several steps are involved in calculating the stress and compressive load. Due to the problem's static indeterminacy, one end support is disconnected, allowing the rod to experience the temperature change freely. Next, an unknown force is applied at the free end, triggering deformations in the rod's steel and brass portions. These deformations are then calculated and added together...


