来自蛋白质的聚合物生长的基因编码启动器
Jennifer C Peeler1, Bradley F Woodman, Saadyah Averick
1Department of Chemistry, Franklin & Marshall College, Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17604-3003, USA.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|September 16, 2010
概括
研究人员开发了一种新的方法,可以创建特定站点的蛋白质聚合物生物结合物. 这种技术使得聚合物能够使用基因编码的启动氨基酸精确地附着在蛋白质上,用于先进的生物材料开发.
科学领域:
- 生物结合化学 生物结合化学
- 蛋白质工程是指蛋白质工程.
- 聚合物科学 聚合物科学
背景情况:
- 蛋白质聚合物生物结合物对于先进材料至关重要.
- 现有的方法无法控制聚合物启动部位在蛋白质上的位置.
- 具有定义结构的均质生物结合物是具有挑战性的生产.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种针对特定位点的蛋白质聚合的一般方法.
- 从蛋白质中创建一个基因编码的启动器来控制聚合物生长.
- 为了证明同质蛋白质聚合物生物结合物的合成.
主要方法:
- 设计和合成了4-(2'-bromoisobutyramido) phenylalanine作为一个聚合物启动剂.
- 进化出一个tRNA合成酶/tRNA(CUA) 双为基因编码的启动器.
- 使用珀色子抑制以特定地将启动器纳入绿色光蛋白 (GFP).
- 使用改性蛋白作为启动剂进行原子转移基聚合 (ATRP).
主要成果:
- 成功合成了启动子氨基酸.
- 建立了一个基因系统,用于将发起物特定地纳入蛋白质.
- 生产的绿色光蛋白与启动器 (GFP-1) 特定位置在其表面.
- 通过ATRP有效合成聚合物-GFP生物结合物,聚合物附在定义位置.
结论:
- 开发的方法使得特定位点的蛋白质聚合成为可能.
- 这种方法提供了生产均蛋白质聚合物生物结合物的一般策略.
- 基因编码的启动器促进了对蛋白质的受控聚合物附着,为新型生物材料开辟了道路.
相关概念视频
Initiation of Translation
Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
Initiation of Translation
Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
Transcription Initiation
Initiation is the first step of transcription in eukaryotes. Prokaryotic RNA Polymerase (RNAP) can bind to the template DNA and start transcribing. On the other hand, transcription in eukaryotes requires additional proteins, called transcription factors, to first bind to the promoter region in the DNA template. This binding helps recruit the specific RNAP that can assemble on the DNA and start transcription.
The promoters and enhancers and their accessory proteins allow tight regulation of...
The promoters and enhancers and their accessory proteins allow tight regulation of...
Bacterial Transcription
RNA polymerase (RNAP) carries out DNA-dependent RNA synthesis in both bacteria and eukaryotes. Bacteria do not have a membrane-bound nucleus. So, transcription and translation occur simultaneously, on the same DNA template.
Transcription can be divided into three main stages, each involving distinct DNA sequences to guide the polymerase. These are:
Transcription can be divided into three main stages, each involving distinct DNA sequences to guide the polymerase. These are:
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview
Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
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Unlike eukaryotes, bacteria use a single RNA Polymerase (RNAP) to transcribe all genes. The different subunits of bacterial RNAPhave distinct functions. The multisubunit structure of the bacterial RNAP helps the enzyme to maintain catalytic function, facilitate assembly, interact with DNA and RNA, and self-regulate its activity.
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...


