相关实验视频
Updated: May 11, 2026
08:51
Mammary Epithelial Transplant Procedure
Published on: June 11, 2010
兰克配体调解孕激素诱导的乳腺上皮增殖和癌症发生
Eva Gonzalez-Suarez1, Allison P Jacob, Jon Jones
1Department of Hematology/Oncology Research, Amgen Inc, Seattle, Washington 98119, USA.
Nature
|October 1, 2010
概括
兰克配体 (RANKL) 驱动乳腺增殖和瘤发育,特别是与孕激素. 抑制RANKL可以减少乳腺瘤和前瘤病变,这表明它有可能用于治疗增殖性乳腺疾病.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
背景情况:
- RANK/RANKL通路对于骨质细胞形成和乳腺发育至关重要.
- 在怀孕期间,RANKL调解乳腺上皮质增殖,以应对孕激素.
- 此前尚未确定RANKL在乳腺瘤发生中的直接作用.
研究的目的:
- 研究RANK/RANKL通路在乳腺瘤发生过程中的功能性贡献.
- 为了确定RANKL抑制是否可以减轻乳腺瘤的发展.
- 阐明RANKL在激素诱导的乳腺上皮质增殖中的作用.
主要方法:
- 使用MMTV-RANK转基因小鼠进行功能增益研究.
- 在功能丧失研究中使用RANKL的药理抑制.
- 评估了乳腺瘤发病率,前瘤和上皮细胞增殖标志物 (例如,环素D1).
主要成果:
- 在正常,前恶性和瘤乳腺上皮表达RANK和RANKL.
- MMTV-RANK转基因小鼠表现出加速的前瘤和增加的乳腺瘤.
- 在多种模型中,药理RANKL抑制降低了瘤发育和乳腺上皮质增殖.
- 抑制RANKL降低了环素D1水平,表明细胞周期进展减少.
结论:
- 兰克尔在促进乳腺瘤发生方面发挥着直接作用,特别是在激素诱导的环境中.
- 孕激素对乳腺癌发病率增加的贡献是由RANKL-依赖的扩散介导的.
- 抑制RANKL代表了扩散性乳腺疾病的潜在治疗策略.
相关概念视频
02:38Mitogens and the Cell Cycle
Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
02:23Abnormal Proliferation
Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...
01:09GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity
Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). AC catalyzes cyclization reaction and converts ATP to cAMP by releasing a pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate is further hydrolyzed to phosphate by the enzyme pyrophosphatase, which drives cAMP synthesis to completion. However, cAMP is rapidly degraded to 5′ AMP by the enzymes phosphodiesterase (PDE), preventing overstimulation of cells.
Two...
Two...
01:25Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity
Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity refer to the ability of drugs to cause genetic defects and induce cancer, respectively. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies agents into four groups based on their carcinogenic potential. Group 1 agents are known human carcinogens; group 2A agents are probably carcinogenic to humans; group 3 agents lack data to support their role in carcinogenesis; and group 4 includes agents for which data support that they are not likely to be...
01:22Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle
The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH release.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH release.
01:12The Mammary Glands
The female breast is a hemispheric projection of variable size positioned anterior to the pectoralis major and serratus anterior muscles. A fascia layer composed of dense, irregular connective tissue connects it to these muscles.
Each breast features a pigmented projection known as the nipple, through which milk emerges via closely spaced openings of ducts, referred to as lactiferous ducts. Surrounding the nipple is a circular pigmented area of skin named the areola, which appears rough due to...
Each breast features a pigmented projection known as the nipple, through which milk emerges via closely spaced openings of ducts, referred to as lactiferous ducts. Surrounding the nipple is a circular pigmented area of skin named the areola, which appears rough due to...