多活性性通过异构结合增加了抗HIV抗体的明显亲和力
Hugo Mouquet1, Johannes F Scheid, Markus J Zoller
1Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA.
Nature
|October 1, 2010
概括
针对艾滋病毒的抗体通过突变获得了广度和强度. 令人惊的是,多活性抗体在HIV上结合多个部位,增强中和,尽管个体部位亲和度较低.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 结构生物学 结构生物学
背景情况:
- 抗体通常通过双价结合来结合具有高亲和力的抗原.
- 人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 由于有限的表面糖蛋白尖峰,对此提出了挑战.
- B细胞的发育通常对多活性抗体进行选择 (对多个点具有交叉反应).
研究的目的:
- 为了研究体质突变如何影响抗体亲和力,宽度和对抗HIV的中和效力.
- 探索多活性抗体在人类对HIV免疫反应中的作用.
- 了解多活性抗体对艾滋病毒中和作用的机制.
主要方法:
- 从具有高中和抗体标位的患者中克隆和表征单克隆抗HIV-gp140抗体.
- 评估抗体多活性和与HIV-gp140和其他分子结构的结合亲和力.
- 对体突变对抗体特性影响的评估.
主要成果:
- 增加抗体亲和力的体性突变也增强了对艾滋病毒的宽度和中和功效.
- 很大一部分 (75%) 的强效中和抗HIV-gp140抗体是多活性.
- 多活性抗体利用双价异构,对HIV-gp140的高亲和位点和HIV的其他地方的低亲和位点进行接触.
- 这种异质结合增加了多活性抗体对艾滋病毒的明显亲和力,尽管第二个结合点的亲和力很低.
结论:
- 多活性,经常选择反对,是有效的抗体对HIV的反应的一个关键特征.
- 通过多活性抗体进行双对应异构结合是一种增强HIV中和的机制.
- 抗体对艾滋病毒的反应利用体质突变和多活性来实现广泛而强大的中和.
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