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太阳光谱变化对气候辐射强迫的影响
Joanna D Haigh1, Ann R Winning, Ralf Toumi
1Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK. j.haigh@imperial.ac.uk
Nature
|October 9, 2010
概括
太阳辐射光谱变化影响大气臭氧和地表气候. 紫外线辐射的下降和可见辐射的增加改变了平流层臭氧水平,这可能会对气候产生影响,这与预期相反.
科学领域:
- 大气科学 大气科学
- 太阳物理 太阳物理
- 气候科学是气候科学.
背景情况:
- 大气的热结构和组成基本上是由入射的太阳辐射驱动的.
- 太阳辐射的光谱组成决定了大气加热,化学反应 (如臭氧生产) 和表面温度.
- 太阳辐射的光谱输出变化显著影响大气反应.
研究的目的:
- 分析来自SORCE卫星上的光谱辐射监测器 (SIM) 的每日太阳光谱测量结果.
- 研究观察到的光谱变化对平流层臭氧度的影响.
- 为了检查太阳辐射强迫,太阳活动和表面气候之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 从SIM仪器 (自2004年4月起) 中利用了每日太阳光谱数据 (0.22.4μm).
- 采用辐射光化学模型模拟大气对观察到的光谱变化的反应.
- 相关的模型输出与来自Aura-MLS卫星的同时臭氧测量.
主要成果:
- 观察到紫外线辐射下降的幅度是太阳周期下降期间预测的4-6倍.
- 这种紫外线的减少部分被可见辐射的增加所抵消,从而改变了太阳光谱.
- 模拟了平流层臭氧在45公里以下显著下降,在45公里以上增加,与Aura-MLS数据一致.
- 发现太阳辐射对地表气候的影响与太阳活动相异.
结论:
- 观测到的太阳辐射的光谱变化明显影响了平流层的臭氧水平.
- 这些发现表明,太阳变化对大气温度的影响可能与当前模型不同.
- 需要进一步的观测证据来验证光谱变化,并充分描述太阳周期效应.
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