酶PIAS1通过表观遗传抑制来限制自然调节性T细胞分化
Bin Liu1, Samuel Tahk, Kathleen M Yee
1Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, 11-934 Factor Building, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. bliu@ucla.edu
概括
SUMO E3酶PIAS1通过表观遗传沉默Foxp3促进体来限制调控性T细胞分化. Pias1的删除增强了调节性T细胞种群和自身免疫性疾病的抵抗力.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- CD4 ((+) Foxp3 ((+) 调节性T (T ((reg)) 细胞对于免疫耐受性至关重要.
- 对T细胞的调节失调与自身免疫性疾病有关.
- 了解T ((reg) 差异化机制是治疗开发的关键.
研究的目的:
- 阐明调节自然T细胞分化的分子机制.
- 调查PIAS1在控制Foxp3表达和T(reg) 功能的作用.
主要方法:
- 染色体免疫沉试验评估蛋白质与Foxp3促进体的结合.
- DNA甲基化分析和基因素修饰试验 (H3K9甲基化).
- 在Pias1淘汰赛小鼠中分析T(reg) 细胞群和实验性自身免疫脑膜炎 (EAE).
主要成果:
- PIAS1 在Foxp3促销器中保持压制性染色质状态.
- PIAS1将DNA甲基转移酶和HP1招募到Foxp3促进体中.
- Pias1的删除导致Foxp3促进体去甲基化,减少H3K9甲基化,并增加了可访问性.
- 皮亚斯小鼠表现出扩大的T (reg) 细胞群和对EAE的抗性.
结论:
- 通过表观遗传控制,PIAS1充当自然T细胞分化的负调节者.
- 这项研究确定了一种新型表观遗传机制,控制T细胞发育.
- 准PIAS1可能为自身免疫性疾病提供治疗潜力.
相关概念视频
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway
Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as SH2...
piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs
PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
Abnormal Proliferation
Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...
TGF - β Signaling Pathway
The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors are of three kinds RI, RII, and RIII. The RI...
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells
Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
Negative Regulator Molecules
Positive regulators allow a cell to advance through cell cycle checkpoints. Negative regulators have an equally important role as they terminate a cell’s progression through the cell cycle—or pause it—until the cell meets specific criteria.

