双价1型和3型口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗的免疫性:一个随机,双盲,受控试验
Roland W Sutter1, T Jacob John, Hemant Jain
1World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. sutterr@who.int
Lancet (London, England)
|October 29, 2010
概括
一种新的双价1型和3型口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗 (bOPV) 显示出优于三价OPV (tOPV). 这种bOPV也被发现与单价OPV类型1和3 (mOPV1和mOPV3) 不逊色.
科学领域:
- * 病毒学和免疫学
- * 疫苗开发和临床试验
- * 公共卫生和流行病学
背景情况:
- *1型和3型脊髓灰质炎病毒在脊髓灰质炎仍然流行的国家和地区共传播.
- *需要评估用于控制小儿麻症病毒的新型疫苗配方的免疫性.
研究的目的:
- *评估一种新的双价1型和3型口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗 (bOPV) 的免疫性.
- * 为了比较bOPV对单价OPV类型1,2和3 (mOPV1,mOPV2,mOPV3) 和三价OPV (tOPV) 的疗效.
主要方法:
- * 一项随机,双盲,受控试验,涉及印度900名新生儿.
- *参与者被分配接受mOPV1,mOPV2,mOPV3,bOPV或tOPV.
- * 主要结局:一剂后血清转换;二次结局:两剂后血清转换.
主要成果:
- *两剂后,1型脊髓灰质炎病毒的累积血清转化为bOPV的86%,而tOPV为63% (p<0.0001).
- *3型脊髓灰质炎病毒的累积血清转化为bOPV的74%,而tOPV的52% (p<0.0001).
- *bOPV疫苗耐受性良好,没有严重的不良事件归因于干预.
结论:
- *两价1型和3型口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗 (bOPV) 优于三价OPV (tOPV).
- *与单价OPV类型1和3 (mOPV1和mOPV3) 相比,bOPV显示出非劣质性.
相关概念视频
01:17Poliomyelitis
Poliomyelitis is caused by poliovirus, a small, non-enveloped, positive-sense RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family and Enterovirus genus. Transmission occurs primarily via the fecal-oral route, often through ingestion of contaminated water or food. The virus initially replicates in the oropharynx and intestinal mucosa, particularly in lymphoid tissues such as the tonsils, Peyer’s patches, and regional lymph nodes. Primary viremia follows, allowing dissemination throughout the body.In most...
01:51Vaccinations
Overview
01:21Vaccines
Vaccines are among the most effective tools in preventive medicine, designed to prepare the immune system to recognize and combat infectious agents. By introducing antigens—substances that the immune system identifies as foreign—vaccines stimulate an adaptive immune response that leads to immunological memory. This immunological memory enables the body to mount a faster and more effective response upon future exposures to the actual pathogen.Vaccines can be categorized based on the type of...