环境与精神分裂症的关系
Jim van Os1, Gunter Kenis, Bart P F Rutten
1European Graduate School for Neuroscience, SEARCH, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands. j.vanos@sp.unimaas.nl
Nature
|November 12, 2010
概括
精神病综合征与社会背景适应有关. 环境因素,如早期的逆境和城市的成长与遗传学相互作用,突出了基因环境研究的必要性,以了解精神病理学.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
背景情况:
- 精神病综合征被视为社会适应障碍.
- 遗传性是一个已知的因素,但环境影响很大.
- 早期的生活逆境,城市成长,少数群体地位和大麻使用与发病有关.
研究的目的:
- 探索环境因素在精神病综合征中的作用.
- 检查遗传倾向与社会/环境影响之间的相互作用.
- 强调需要对基因与环境相互作用进行纵向研究.
主要方法:
- 关于精神病综合征和环境因素的现有文献的审查.
- 在社会影响的背景下对遗传性的概念分析.
- 识别大脑发育中的环境影响敏感时期.
主要成果:
- 环境因素对正在发展的"社会"大脑产生重大影响.
- 如果不考虑社会相互作用,仅仅遗传性就具有有限的解释力.
- 基因与环境的相互作用对于理解脆弱性的表达至关重要.
结论:
- 精神病综合征是复杂的,涉及基因环境相互作用.
- 了解社会背景和敏感时期是关键.
- 纵向研究对于阐明心理病理学中的基因环境相互作用至关重要.
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