在DNA修复二氧化酶中捕获的铁催化氧化中间体
Chengqi Yi1, Guifang Jia, Guanhua Hou
1Department of Chemistry and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
Nature
|November 12, 2010
概括
研究人员捕获了AlkB脱甲基酶的氧化中间体,揭示了从DNA和基因组中去除甲基的机制. 这为生物修复过程中的氧化脱甲基化提供了直接证据.
科学领域:
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 结构生物学 结构生物学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 单核铁含有氧酶在生物系统中执行关键的氧化反应.
- 特别是来自大肠杆菌的AlkB脱甲基酶是修复细胞毒性和变异性甲基化核酸的关键酶.
- 人类的AlkB同类在细胞过程中起着重要的作用.
研究的目的:
- 为了结构性地描述AlkB脱甲基酶的氧化中间体.
- 阐明各种甲基化基质的氧化脱甲基化机制.
- 提供支持氧化脱甲基化途径的直接证据.
主要方法:
- 使用化学交联策略稳定AlkB-DNA复合物与特定的甲基化基 (1,N(6) - 乙烯氨酸,N(3) - 甲基胺,N(3) - 甲基氨酸).
- 在无氧条件下用铁 (II) 和α-甲酸结晶了这些复合物.
- 在晶体中启动氧化,通过将晶体暴露在氧气中,以捕获反应中间体.
主要成果:
- 在分别氧化1,N(6) - 乙烯丁和N(3) - 甲基乙胺时捕获的甘醇和半氨基中间体.
- 观察到的结晶学证据和计算分析支持N(3) - 甲基细胞因的zwitterionic中间体.
- 这些捕获的中间体为拟议的氧化脱甲基化机制提供了直接的结构支持.
结论:
- 这项研究为AlkB介导的氧化脱甲基化中间体提供了前所未有的结构洞察力.
- 从各种生物基质中氧化去除甲基的一般机制.
- 通过结构生物学证实了AlkB同类在DNA修复和表观遗传调节中的作用.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Nucleotide Excision Repair
Overview
Overview of DNA Repair
In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
Chemically...
Chemically...
Base Excision Repair
One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
The first step of...
The first step of...
Nucleotide Excision Repair
Overview
Base Excision Repair
One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
The first step of...
The first step of...
Nucleotide Excision Repair
DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...


