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黑色素瘤通过RTK或N-RAS上调获得对B-RAF (V600E) 抑制的抗性
Ramin Nazarian1, Hubing Shi, Qi Wang
1Division of Dermatology/Department of Medicine, UCLA's Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, 52-121 CHS, Los Angeles, California 90095-1750, USA.
Nature
|November 26, 2010
概括
黑色素瘤对像PLX4032这样的BRAF抑制剂的耐药性源于PDGFRB上调或NRAS突变,而不是二次BRAF突变. 针对这些途径为BRAF抑制剂耐药黑色素瘤提供了新的治疗策略.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 激活BRAF激酶突变驱动~7%的人类癌症,包括~60%的黑色素瘤.
- BRAF抑制剂显示出有希望的结果,但获得的耐药性是一个重大的临床挑战.
- 耐药性机制包括二次BRAF突变,MAPK重新激活和替代生存途径.
研究的目的:
- 研究BRAF (V600E) 阳性黑色素瘤中对BRAF抑制剂PLX4032获得性耐药性的机制.
- 为了确定替代途径或突变,使黑色素瘤细胞能够逃避BRAF抑制.
- 探索克服药物耐药性的潜在治疗策略.
主要方法:
- 使用人工衍生PLX4032抗性黑色素瘤细胞系.
- 在PLX4032耐药瘤和患者衍生培养中验证的发现.
- 评估了PDGFRβ和NRAS变化,MAPK通路激活,以及药物敏感性.
主要成果:
- 获得的耐药性是由相互排斥的PDGFRβ上调或NRAS突变驱动的,而不是二次BRAF突变.
- PDGFRβ上调导致了替代生存途径的激活,而没有显著的MAPK重新激活.
- NRAS突变导致MAPK通路的重新激活,预测对MEK抑制剂的敏感性.
- 抑制PDGFRβ或NRAS降低了耐药细胞的生长;过度表达赋予了耐药性.
结论:
- 黑色素瘤通过RTK介导的途径或RAS介导的MAPK再激活来逃避BRAF (V600E) 的向,而不是二次BRAF突变.
- PDGFRβ和NRAS的改变是获得对BRAF抑制剂耐药性的关键机制.
- 针对替代生存途径或MEK提供了对抗性黑色素瘤的潜在治疗策略.
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