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一个密集的系统的低质量,低密度的行星通过开普勒-11,过境
Jack J Lissauer1, Daniel C Fabrycky, Eric B Ford
1NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, USA. jack.lissauer@nasa.gov
Nature
|February 5, 2011
概括
天文学家发现了六颗绕开开普勒-11恒星运行的过渡行星,揭示了一个由五颗内部行星组成的紧系统. 这些行星具有可测量的质量和尺寸,表明轻气体包裹和高度共平面轨道配置.
科学领域:
- 天文学 天文学
- 外系行星科学 外系行星科学
- 恒星天体物理学 恒星天体物理学
背景情况:
- 太阳系外行星是通过过境光度测量来检测的,通过过境光度测量从恒星光变暗的半径和从过境时间的轨道周期.
- 多个过境行星提供了对系统动态,行星质量,轨道形状和整体系统平面性的洞察.
- 在此之前,已知没有一颗恒星拥有超过三颗过境行星.
研究的目的:
- 报告发现和描述围绕类似太阳的恒星开普勒-11周围的多行星系统.
- 为了研究过渡系外行星的特性和轨道配置.
- 探索基于系统架构的行星形成理论的含义.
主要方法:
- 利用开普勒航天器的数据对开普勒-11恒星进行过境观测.
- 分析光线曲线以检测和确认多个穿越行星.
- 测量行星半径从恒星光线的减少和轨道周期从运行时间.
主要成果:
- 在开普勒-11周围发现了一个由六颗过境行星组成的系统.
- 五颗内部行星的轨道周期从10天到47天不等;第六颗行星的轨道周期较长.
- 这五颗内部行星是最小的质量和尺寸测量中最小的行星之一,这表明大量的轻气体包裹.
结论:
- 内行星轨道的共平面性和接近性表明,在行星形成的后期阶段,能量消耗很大.
- 开普勒-11系统提供了一个独特的实验室,用于研究紧的行星系统的形成和演变.
- 这一发现挑战了现有的行星系统架构和形成过程模型.
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