HMGA1基因和2型糖尿病的功能变异
Eusebio Chiefari1, Sinan Tanyolaç, Francesco Paonessa
1Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica G. Salvatore, Università di Catanzaro Magna Græcia, Viale Europa, Germaneto Catanzaro, 88100 Italy.
JAMA
|March 3, 2011
概括
功能性高流动性A1组 (HMGA1) 基因变异与2型糖尿病 (DM) 有关. 这些HMGA1变异导致胰岛素受体 (INSR) 表达率下降,有助于欧洲血统个体的DM发展.
科学领域:
- 遗传学和基因组学 遗传学和基因组学
- 内分泌学和新陈代谢学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 高流动性A1组 (HMGA1) 蛋白调节胰岛素受体 (INSR) 基因表达.
- 之前在患有胰岛素耐药性,INSR表达减少和2型糖尿病 (DM) 的患者中发现了一种功能性HMGA1变体.
- HMGA1在代谢调节和糖尿病病原发生方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
研究的目的:
- 调查高流动性A1组 (HMGA1) 基因变异与2型糖尿病 (DM) 之间的关联.
- 确定不同人群中HMGA1基因变异的流行程度和影响.
- 探索HMGA1变异对INSR表达的功能影响.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及超过7,000名白人欧洲血统个体的病例控制研究,涉及三个人口 (意大利人,美国人,法国人).
- 在2型糖尿病患者和健康对照中对HMGA1基因进行基因组DNA测序和突变分析.
- 在周围血液细胞和淋巴细胞中测量HMGA1和INSR信使RNA (mRNA) 和蛋白质水平.
主要成果:
- 一种特定的功能性HMGA1变体IVS5-13insC在所有三种人群中的2型DM患者中明显更频繁.
- 与对照组相比,HMGA1变异的流行率在2型DM病例中较高,赔率比率从1.64到15.77.
- HMGA1基因变异与HMGA1和INSRmRNA和蛋白质水平下降40-50%有关,这可以通过HMGA1cDNA转染来纠正.
结论:
- 功能性HMGA1基因变异与白人欧洲血统的个体患2型糖尿病的风险增加有显著关联.
- 这些变异通过损害胰岛素受体表达和功能,导致2型糖尿病.
- HMGA1基因变异代表了2型糖尿病发展的潜在遗传因素.
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