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杏仁体电路调解焦虑的可逆和双向控制
Kay M Tye1, Rohit Prakash, Sung-Yon Kim
1Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
Nature
|March 11, 2011
概括
研究人员确定了大脑中控制焦虑的特定神经通路. 在杏仁体 (CeA) 中心核中的基底侧杏仁体 (BLA) 终端的光遗传刺激减少了小鼠的焦虑行为.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 行为神经科学 行为神经科学
- 分子精神病学分子精神病学
背景情况:
- 焦虑症是普遍存在的精神疾病,通常与抑郁症和药物滥用一起发生.
- 杏仁体在情绪处理中的作用表明它参与焦虑,但潜在的神经机制尚未完全理解.
- 了解焦虑的神经回路对于开发有效治疗使人衰弱的焦虑状态至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究控制焦虑相关行为的特定神经回路.
- 探索桃体底侧桃体 (BLA) 投射到桃体中心核 (CeA) 的功能在焦虑中.
- 为了证明投影特定光遗传准用于研究电路功能的实用性.
主要方法:
- 利用光遗传学,双光子显微镜,自由移动小鼠的焦虑测试和电生理学.
- 采用病毒转导来表达BLA终端中的通道罗多普辛向CeA投射.
- 使用特定的BLA-CeA投射的光遗传刺激和抑制 (eNpHR3.0).
主要成果:
- 对BLA-CeA投射的光遗传刺激产生了急性,可逆的抗焦虑效应.
- 同一个BLA-CeA投影的光遗传抑制增加了与焦虑相关的行为.
- 对BLA体的直接光遗传控制没有产生类似的效果,突出显示了投影的特异性.
结论:
- 特定的BLA-CeA投影是哺乳动物大脑中急性焦虑控制的关键电路元素.
- 从光遗传学上准定义的神经投影,而不仅仅是细胞类型,对于理解电路功能至关重要.
- 这些发现提供了关于焦虑背后的神经机制的见解,以及神经精神疾病的潜在治疗点.
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