有机气溶的形成来自深水地平线漏油事件的下风
J A de Gouw1, A M Middlebrook, C Warneke
1Chemical Sciences Division, Earth System Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO 80305, USA. joost.degouw@noaa.gov
概括
空中测量显示,深水地平线漏油事件从不易挥发的碳化合物中形成了广泛的二次有机气溶 (SOA),显著影响了墨西哥湾的空气质量.
科学领域:
- 大气化学 大气化学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 气溶科学 气溶科学
背景情况:
- 有机化合物占大气气溶的很大一部分.
- 深水地平线 (DWH) 漏油事件向大气中释放了大量的碳化合物.
- 了解石油泄漏造成的气溶形成对于空气质量评估至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查DWH漏油事件上空气的气体和气溶成分.
- 确定碳化合物羽毛和有机气溶形成的来源和范围.
- 提供石油泄漏排放中二次有机气溶 (SOA) 形成的证据.
主要方法:
- 使用国家海洋和大气管理局 (NOAA) WP-3D研究飞机进行空中测量.
- 分析墨西哥湾上空大气中的气体和气溶成分.
- 观测DWH现场下风的碳化合物羽毛和有机气溶度.
主要成果:
- 观察到一个狭窄的碳化合物羽毛,归因于新鲜油的蒸发.
- 检测到一个更宽的羽毛,有高的有机气溶度 (>25μg/m3).
- 广泛的有机气溶羽毛与从不易挥发的碳化合物中形成的二次有机气溶 (SOA) 有关.
结论:
- 该研究提供了显著的二次有机气溶 (SOA) 形成的直接证据,来自DWH漏油期间排放的不易挥发的碳化合物.
- 空中测量突出了石油泄漏对大气有机气溶载荷的重大贡献.
- 这些发现强调了在大型碳化合物释放事件后,在空气质量模型中考虑SOA形成的重要性.
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