一个siRNA路径可以防止在受压力影响的植物中发生跨代逆转换
Hidetaka Ito1, Hervé Gaubert, Etienne Bucher
1Department of Plant Biology, University of Geneva, Sciences III, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
Nature
|March 15, 2011
概括
热应激激活了Arabidopsis中的ONSEN反转移子,导致在缺乏小干扰RNA (siRNA) 的后代中发生跨代转移. 这一过程产生了新的热敏基因网络.
科学领域:
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
背景情况:
- 细胞基因组含有逆转移体,这是通常被宿主表观遗传机制抑制的移动遗传元素.
- 表观遗传调节控制逆转移素活性的精确机制,特别是在环境压力下,仍然不完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究在热应激下在Arabidopsis幼苗中复制型逆转移子ONSEN的活性和转移.
- 阐明小干扰RNAs (siRNAs) 在压力期间和跨代抑制ONSEN逆转换中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在阿拉比多普西斯幼苗中诱导热应激.
- 对ONSEN转录和染色体外DNA合成的分析.
- 评估在植物组织和跨植物世代的ONSEN转移,使用在siRNA生物发生缺陷的突变系.
- 描述ONSEN插入模式及其对附近基因表达的影响.
主要成果:
- 热应激激活了ONSEN,导致了染色体外DNA复制合成.
- siRNA路径突变显示激发的ONSEN积累和在压力后的游戏生成期间的跨代逆转换.
- 在压力突变的后代中,ON SEN插入赋予邻近基因的热响应,形成新的调节网络.
结论:
- 这种siRNA路径对于限制环境诱导的逆转换至关重要.
- 受到损害的siRNA生物发生允许压力诱导的ONSEN逆转换发生跨代,特别是在生殖器官发育过程中.
- 在SEN上,移动性突发可以产生新的,对压力有反应的基因调节网络,有助于适应.
相关概念视频
Riboswitches
8.0K
Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
8.0K
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs
13.4K
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
13.4K
piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs
6.1K
PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
6.1K
Experimental RNAi
6.5K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
6.5K
Translational Regulation
893
Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
893
Other Stress Responses in Bacteria
593
Bacteria have global regulatory systems that control several types of stress mechanisms. These include Pho regulon and the heat shock response, which are essential systems for environmental adaptation, such as nutrient limitation and proteotoxic stress. The Pho regulon and the heat shock response exemplify bacterial resilience, enabling rapid adaptation to fluctuating environmental conditions.Pho RegulonBacteria require phosphorus for essential cellular processes, including nucleic acid...
593


