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相关概念视频

Cell Migration01:19

Cell Migration

Cell migration is a process by which the cells move from one location to another, playing an essential role in embryological development, repair and regeneration, immune response, and metastasis. Cells migrate in response to chemical or mechanical signals generated by specific organs or tissues. The overall mechanism includes three steps - polarization, protrusion, and release. Polarization involves the formation of a distinct cell front and rear, which determines the direction of movement.
Cell Migration01:09

Cell Migration

Cell migration, the process by which cells move from one location to another, is essential for the proper development and viability of organisms throughout their life. When cells are not able to migrate properly to their ordained locations, various disorders may occur. For example, disruption in cell migration causes chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis.
Determination01:51

Determination

During embryogenesis, cells become progressively committed to different fates through a two-step process: specification followed by determination. Specification is demonstrated by removing a segment of an early embryo, “neutrally” culturing the tissue in vitro—for example, in a petri dish with simple medium—and then observing the derivatives. If the cultured region gives rise to cell types that it would normally generate in the embryo, this means that it is specified. In contrast, determination...
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Cell Motility through Blebbing

Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
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Gastrulation establishes the three primary tissues of an embryo: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. This developmental process relies on a series of intricate cellular movements, which in humans transforms a flat, “bilaminar disc” composed of two cell sheets into a three-tiered structure. In the resulting embryo, the endoderm serves as the bottom layer, and stacked directly above it is the intermediate mesoderm, and then the uppermost ectoderm. Respectively, these tissue strata will form...

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Time-Lapse Imaging of Migrating Neurons and Glial Progenitors in Embryonic Mouse Brain Slices
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DISC1依赖的切换从原始细胞的增殖到在发育中的皮质中的迁移.

Koko Ishizuka1, Atsushi Kamiya, Edwin C Oh

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA.

Nature
|April 8, 2011
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

DISC1蛋白质的酸化作为大脑中的分子开关. 这种开关在皮质形成过程中控制着原始细胞的增殖和神经元的迁移,从而影响精神疾病的易感性.

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科学领域:

  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 发育生物学 发展生物学
  • 分子生物学分子生物学

背景情况:

  • 皮质造生涉及精确调节原生细胞增殖和神经元迁移.
  • DISC1 (精神分裂症1中断) 的功能,这是一种对精神障碍的易感性因素,在皮质形成中尚未完全理解.
  • 在增殖和迁移之间切换的精确分子机制仍然难以捉摸.

研究的目的:

  • 阐明DISC1酸化在调节皮质形成过程中从原始细胞增殖过渡到神经元迁移中的作用.
  • 研究DISC1的分子相互作用,包括其与GSK3β和巴德特-比德尔综合征 (BBS) 蛋白质的相互作用.
  • 确定DISC1上的特定酸化事件如何影响其在神经发育中的功能.

主要方法:

  • 利用小鼠模型研究皮质形成.
  • 在血清710 (S710) 中研究了DISC1酸化.
  • 通过基因操纵和生物化学测试,研究了DISC1,GSK3β和BBS蛋白之间的相互作用.
  • 评估了DISC1倒置和特定的DISC1突变 (死和模仿) 对细胞增殖和迁移的影响.

主要成果:

  • 非化DISC1与GSK3β相互作用,调节Wnt信号传递,维持原始细胞的增殖.
  • 在S710的DISC1酸化将BBS蛋白招募到中心体,促进神经元迁移.
  • BBS1的丧失特别会影响迁移,而DISC1的淘汰会影响扩散和迁移.
  • 死DISC1突变物拯救了繁殖,模仿突变物拯救了迁移,证实了开关功能.

结论:

  • DISC1在皮质生成中起着双重作用,调节原生细胞增殖和神经元迁移.
  • 在S710处DISC1的酸化起到关键分子开关的作用,从扩散过渡到迁移.
  • 这种涉及DISC1和BBS蛋白质的酸化依赖的开关机制对于正常的大脑发育至关重要,并可能对精神障碍产生影响.