经过实验性脊髓炎疫苗接种后对疟疾的长期保护:一项开放式的后续研究
Meta Roestenberg1, Anne C Teirlinck, Matthew B B McCall
1Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
Lancet (London, England)
|April 26, 2011
概括
在志愿者中,人为诱导的免疫力对Plasmodium falciparum疟疾持续至少28个月. 这种长期的保护与持续的寄生虫特异性T细胞反应有关,为疟疾免疫提供了新的见解.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 疟疾学 疟疾学
背景情况:
- 在未患疟疾的志愿者中试验诱导Plasmodium falciparum免疫力以前通过使用感染的蚊子咬和洛昆预防得到了成功.
- 这种诱导的免疫与寄生虫特异性干扰素-和介质素-2由效应记忆T细胞产生的相关.
研究的目的:
- 研究志愿者免疫反应的保护持续时间和持续时间,这些志愿者先前已经免疫了Plasmodium falciparum.
- 探索实验诱导的疟疾免疫的长期疗效.
主要方法:
- 一项重新挑战的研究涉及6名先前免疫接种的志愿者,在免疫接种后28个月,他们被5只感染的蚊子咬伤.
- 感染控制包括新招募的无疟疾志愿者.
- 通过显微镜和实时定量PCR (rtPCR) 检测寄生虫病,同时评估临床症状和刺激时的体外T细胞反应 (干扰素-马,介质素-2).
主要成果:
- 在6名接种疫苗的志愿者中,有4名在显微镜上对寄生虫血症呈阴性,在随访期间rtPCR呈阴性,这表明持续的保护.
- 剩下的两个接种疫苗的志愿者经历了延迟的专利寄生虫病.
- 在体外测试证实了寄生虫特异性的多能效应因子记忆T细胞反应在受保护个体中的长期持久性.
结论:
- 针对Plasmodium falciparum的实验性诱导免疫可以提供至少28个月的保护,超过自然感染后通常观察到的持续时间.
- 这些发现突显了持续的效应器记忆T细胞响应在长期疟疾免疫力中的作用.
- 这项研究为了解耐久性疟疾保护的基础机制开辟了新的途径.
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