观察单个光子的平均轨迹在一个双裂的干扰仪中
Sacha Kocsis1, Boris Braverman, Sylvain Ravets
1Centre for Quantum Information and Quantum Control and Institute for Optical Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, 60 St. George Street, ON M5S 1A7, Canada.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 4, 2011
概括
研究人员使用弱度测量来观察量子粒子轨迹,克服了不确定性原理. 这项研究通过双干扰仪重建光子路径,为量子力学提供了新的见解.
科学领域:
- 量子力学就是量子力学.
- 量子光学就是一个量子光学.
- 干涉测量是干涉测量的方法.
背景情况:
- 海森堡不确定性原理从根本上限制了量子粒子位置和动量的同时精确测量.
- 直接观察量子粒子的轨迹是被测量反作用所阻止的.
研究的目的:
- 用微弱测量方法操作定义和观察量子粒子轨迹.
- 为了提供一个基于观测的量子粒子传播的描述,在一个双裂干扰仪.
主要方法:
- 来自量子点的单个光子通过双裂干扰仪发送.
- 进行了对光子动量的弱测量.
- 根据对相继平面中的光子位置的强度测量进行后期选择,可以重建轨迹.
主要成果:
- 获得了单个光子集团的重建轨迹.
- 该研究证明了定义和观察量子轨迹的可行性.
结论:
- 弱度测量提供了一种方法来规避不确定性原则对轨迹观测的限制.
- 这种技术为研究量子粒子在干扰计设置中的传播提供了一种新的方法.
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