澳大利亚早期坎布里亚期节肢动物的异常保存的眼睛中的现代光学
Michael S Y Lee1, James B Jago, Diego C García-Bellido
1South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia. mike.lee@samuseum.sa.gov.au
Nature
|July 2, 2011
概括
特别保存的早期坎布里亚时代关节动物眼睛揭示了坎布里亚时代爆炸期间复杂视力的快速演变. 这些古老的复合眼睛,超过3000个双眼镜,展示了以前在这些早期化石中未知的先进功能.
科学领域:
- 古生物学的古生物学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
背景情况:
- 化石记录对坎布里亚爆炸期间早期眼睛进化的洞察力是有限的.
- 虽然坎布里亚时代的沉积物中含有许多带眼睛的节肢动物,但非生物矿物眼睛的详细光学设计在很大程度上是未知的.
- 生物矿物化的三虫眼睛是例外,但了解早期非生物矿物化的眼睛进化是至关重要的.
研究的目的:
- 研究坎布里亚节足动物中非生物矿物化复合眼的早期进化和光学设计.
- 为最早的节肢动物视觉能力提供详细的见解.
- 了解高级视觉在驱动坎布里亚爆炸中的作用.
主要方法:
- 从早期坎布里亚时代的埃穆湾页岩中分析了保存得非常好的化石节肢动物眼睛.
- 详细检查眼镜的数量,排列和特殊结构,如"明亮区域".
- 化石眼睛的复杂性与当代三虫眼睛和现存视觉系统的比较.
主要成果:
- 发现已知最古老的详细非生物矿物化复合眼睛,可追溯到大约5.15亿年前.
- 这些眼睛拥有3000多个大型的眼膜透镜和一个专门的"明亮区域",超过了其他坎布里亚矿床的保存质量.
- 眼睛结构表明低光视力的能力,并表明活跃的掠食生活方式,复杂性超过当代三虫眼睛.
结论:
- 早期坎布里亚时代的关节动物拥有高度先进的复合眼睛,在坎布里亚时代爆炸期间,在细度解剖学方面展示了快速的创新.
- 这些眼睛的复杂性与许多生物形式相美,并且比类似的非生物矿物质眼睛要早8500万年.
- 先进的视觉可能在坎布里亚爆炸期间观察到的进化多样化中发挥了关键作用.
相关概念视频
Lampbrush Chromosomes
7.1K
In 1882, Flemming observed lampbrush chromosomes (LBC) in salamander eggs. Later in 1892, Rückert observed LBCs in shark egg cells and coined the term "lampbrush chromosomes" because they looked like brushes used to clean kerosene lamps.
LBCs are made up of two pairs of conjugating homologous chromatids. Each chromatid consists of alternatively positioned regions of condensed-inactive chromatin and loosely placed-active side loops, which can be contracted and extended. The loops...
LBCs are made up of two pairs of conjugating homologous chromatids. Each chromatid consists of alternatively positioned regions of condensed-inactive chromatin and loosely placed-active side loops, which can be contracted and extended. The loops...
7.1K
Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy
9.1K
Optical microscopy uses optic principles to provide detailed images of samples. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek designed the first compound optical microscope in the 17th century to visualize blood cells, bacteria, and yeast cells. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes with enhanced magnification and resolution.
In optical microscopy, the specimen to be viewed is placed on a glass slide and clipped on the stage...
In optical microscopy, the specimen to be viewed is placed on a glass slide and clipped on the stage...
9.1K
Accessory Structures of the Eye
4.3K
Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...
4.3K


