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相关概念视频

Next-generation Sequencing03:00

Next-generation Sequencing

The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features.
Sanger Sequencing01:57

Sanger Sequencing

DNA sequencing is a fundamental technique that is routinely used in the biological sciences. This method can be applied to a range of questions at different scales - from the sequencing of a cloned DNA fragment or the study of a mutation in a gene up to whole-genome sequencing. However, despite the widespread use of sequencing today, it was not until 1977 that Fredrick Sanger and his collaborators developed the chain-termination method to decode DNA sequences. It relies on the separation of a...
RNA-seq03:21

RNA-seq

RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases. 
Before the discovery of RNA-seq, microarray-based methods and Sanger sequencing were used for transcriptome analysis. However, while microarray-based...
Maxam-Gilbert Sequencing01:05

Maxam-Gilbert Sequencing

In the same year as the discovery of the Sanger sequencing method, another group of scientists, Allan Maxam and Walter Gilbert, demonstrated their chemical-cleavage method for DNA sequencing. The Maxam-Gilbert method relies on using different chemicals that can cleave the DNA sequence at specific sites, the separation of resulting DNA fragments of variable size using electrophoresis, and deciphering the DNA sequence from the resulting gel bands.
Challenges of the Maxam-Gilbert Method
The...
Genomics02:02

Genomics

Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...

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相关实验视频

Updated: May 30, 2026

Semiconductor Sequencing for Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy
09:03

Semiconductor Sequencing for Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy

Published on: August 25, 2019

一个集成的半导体装置,使非光学基因组测序成为可能.

Jonathan M Rothberg1, Wolfgang Hinz, Todd M Rearick

  • 1Ion Torrent by Life Technologies, Suite 100, 246 Goose Lane, Guilford, Connecticut 06437, USA. Jonathan.Rothberg@Lifetech.com

Nature
|July 22, 2011
PubMed
概括

这项研究引入了一种新的,非光学DNA测序技术,使用半导体制造进行可扩展,低成本的基因组测序. 离子芯片直接感知DNA合成的副产品,使得更快,更实惠的基因分析.

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09:31

Amplification, Next-generation Sequencing, and Genomic DNA Mapping of Retroviral Integration Sites

Published on: March 22, 2016

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科学领域:

  • 生物技术是生物技术.
  • 基因组学就是基因组学.
  • 半导体技术 半导体技术

背景情况:

  • DNA测序对于生命科学,生物技术和医学至关重要.
  • 现有的技术面临着可扩展性和成本方面的挑战.
  • 持续需要更高效,更实惠的测序解决方案.

研究的目的:

  • 描述一种新的,非光学DNA测序技术.
  • 为了利用半导体制造来实现可扩展和低成本的基因组测序.
  • 为了证明开发的离子芯片技术的性能和可扩展性.

主要方法:

  • 利用互补的金属氧化物半导体 (CMOS) 工艺来制造集成电路.
  • 开发了一个带有120万个离子敏感,场效应晶体管基于传感器的离子芯片.
  • 采用模板导向的DNA聚合酶合成与天然核酸用于直接的离子传感.
  • 进行了细菌和人类基因组的非光学DNA测序.

主要成果:

  • 通过使用离子芯片技术成功测序了三种细菌基因组.
  • 通过生产具有增加传感器密度 (高达10倍) 的离子芯片,证明了强度和可扩展性.
  • 测序了一个完整的人类基因组,展示了系统对大规模应用的能力.
  • 实现了DNA合成过程中产生的离子的直接,非光学感应.

结论:

  • 开发的基于半导体的DNA测序技术提供了一个可扩展和低成本的解决方案.
  • CMOS制造使大规模生产和高密度传感器阵列用于基因组测序成为可能.
  • 这种非光学方法具有很大的潜力,可以促进基因组研究,生物技术和医学.