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通过微流体学量化兰坦化溶剂提取动力学,以恒定的界面面积和快速混合来实现对核再加工化学的机械学理解
Kevin P Nichols1, Rebecca R Pompano, Liang Li
1Department of Chemistry and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|September 6, 2011
概括
研究人员开发了一种微流体系统来测量核燃料分离速度. 这项创新有助于设计更安全,更有效的核废物再处理和燃料回收方法.
科学领域:
- 核化学 核化学 核化学
- 化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.
背景情况:
- 关闭核燃料循环对于废物管理和回收至关重要.
- 目前工业规模的民用核燃料再加工在美国缺乏经批准的方法.
- 了解质量转移速率是设计高效的溶剂提取工艺的关键.
研究的目的:
- 为了解决对兰化物和动化物复合物的界面质量转移速率常数的缺乏.
- 为了使下一代核燃料再加工方案的机制理解和设计.
- 为扩大实验室实验到工业解决方案提供数据.
主要方法:
- 使用基于插头的微流体系统,使用流动的插头 (滴).
- 实现了快速混合,并控制了界面面积,以进行准确的测量.
- 在TALSPEAK条件下确定兰坦化物和的绝对界面质量转移速率常量.
主要成果:
- 成功测量了兰坦化物 (不包括普罗美) 和的界面转移速率常数.
- 证明了微流体系统的精确速率常数确定能力.
- 在TALSPEAK条件下提供了第一个这样的利率常数.
结论:
- 微流体系统克服了传统方法 (缓慢混合,未知接口区域) 的局限性.
- 获得的速率常数对于验证分离机制和工艺设计至关重要.
- 这项工作是优化核燃料再加工的TALSPEAK过程的基本步骤.
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