与Snf2相关的核细胞隔离酶在全基因组核细胞组织中的作用
Triantaffyllos Gkikopoulos1, Pieta Schofield, Vijender Singh
1Wellcome Trust Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 24, 2011
概括
酵母基因中的核细胞定位依赖于Isw1和Chd1酶来实现DNA的可访问性. 如果没有这些依赖ATP的重塑剂,正常的核细胞组织就会丧失,影响遗传过程.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 染色体生物学 染色体生物学
背景情况:
- 在真核生物的基因编码区域内,核细胞的定位与转录起点相对有组织.
- 这种精确的组织对于调节基因表达至关重要,并且需要可访问的DNA.
- 负责维持这种核细胞组织的酶尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 研究特定的核细胞间隔酶在维持酵母编码区域内的核细胞组织中的作用.
- 确定负责Saccharomyces cerevisiae中核体的正规定位的关键因素.
主要方法:
- 利用遗传删除策略去除Isw1和Chd1核细胞隔离酶.
- 在野生型和突变酵母菌株中分析了核细胞定位模式.
- 研究了酶缺失对DNA可访问性和基因调节的影响.
主要成果:
- 在大多数编码区域中,Isw1和Chd1的联合作用对于维持正常的核细胞定位至关重要.
- 失去Isw1和Chd1导致大多数核细胞定位的破坏.
- 特定的区域,包括促进体和+1核酶体的上游,保留了组织,表明其他因素的参与.
结论:
- 依赖ATP的染色质重塑酶,特别是Isw1和Chd1,是Saccharomyces cerevisiae中核体定位的主要驱动因素.
- 这些酶的干扰显著影响全基因组的核细胞组织.
- 需要进行进一步的研究,以阐明负责特定基因区域中核细胞定位的因素.
相关概念视频
02:54Nucleosome Remodeling
Nucleosomes are the basic units of chromatin compaction. Each nucleosome consists of the DNA bound tightly around a histone core, which makes the DNA inaccessible to DNA binding proteins such as DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase. Hence, the fundamental problem is to ensure access to DNA when appropriate, despite the compact and protective chromatin structure.
Nucleosome remodeling complex
Eukaryotic cells have specialized enzymes called ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling enzymes. These enzymes...
Nucleosome remodeling complex
Eukaryotic cells have specialized enzymes called ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling enzymes. These enzymes...
01:12The Nucleosome Core Particle
Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their primary aim is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. On the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access histone-bound DNA during...
Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their primary aim is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. On the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access histone-bound DNA during...
02:10The Nucleosome Core Particle
Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
The paradox
Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their main responsibility is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. While on the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access DNA...
The paradox
Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their main responsibility is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. While on the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access DNA...
02:33The Nucleosome
DNA in a human cell is almost 2m long and it is packed inside a tiny nucleus that is only a few microns in diameter. The level of compaction of DNA inside the nucleus is astonishing. It is organized into several sequentially higher levels of compaction to fit into such a tiny space. The most compact form of DNA is a chromosome that can be seen under a microscope in a dividing cell.
DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called histone core, that consist of 8 histone proteins. This complex...
DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called histone core, that consist of 8 histone proteins. This complex...
01:19The Nucleosome
Human DNA is almost two meters long. However, it is compressed inside a tiny nucleus measuring only a few microns in diameter. To make this degree of compaction possible, DNA is organized into several sequential levels so that it can fit into such a tiny space. The most compact form of DNA is a chromosome that can be seen under a microscope in a dividing cell.
In a chromosome, DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called a histone octamer core, which consists of 8 histone proteins. This...
In a chromosome, DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called a histone octamer core, which consists of 8 histone proteins. This...
02:33The Nucleosome
DNA in a human cell is almost 2m long and it is packed inside a tiny nucleus that is only a few microns in diameter. The level of compaction of DNA inside the nucleus is astonishing. It is organized into several sequentially higher levels of compaction to fit into such a tiny space. The most compact form of DNA is a chromosome that can be seen under a microscope in a dividing cell.
DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called histone core, that consist of 8 histone proteins. This complex...
DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called histone core, that consist of 8 histone proteins. This complex...