通过先天性免疫受体RIG-I进行RNA识别和激活的结构基础
Fuguo Jiang1, Anand Ramanathan, Matthew T Miller
1Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, 679 Hoes Lane West, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA.
Nature
|September 28, 2011
概括
网红酸诱导基因-I (RIG-I) 识别病毒RNA以启动天生的免疫力. 它的结构揭示了螺旋酶和抑制子域如何结合双链RNA,这对抗病毒防御至关重要.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 结构生物学 结构生物学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 网红酸诱导基因-I (RIG-I) 是病毒RNA的关键细胞质传感器,启动先天免疫反应.
- 激活RIG-I依赖于识别特定的RNA动机,例如带有5'-三酸盐 (ppp) 或5'-ppp单链RNA的粗末dRNA.
- RIG-I通路的失调与各种疾病有关,包括自身免疫性疾病和癌症.
研究的目的:
- 阐明RIG-I的酶和抑制器域 (RD) 通过RNA识别的结构基础.
- 了解dSRNA结合中的化酶和RD之间的协同相互作用.
- 研究ATP水解在RIG-I激活和形状变化中的作用.
主要方法:
- 进行X射线晶体学,以确定人体RIG-I酶-RD的结构,并与dSRNA和ATP类似物复合.
- 小角度X射线散射 (SAXS) 用于分析溶液中的RIG-I形状.
- 有限的蛋白质分解和差异扫描度测量 (DSF) 来评估蛋白质的稳定性和形状变化.
主要成果:
- 结构显示,酶-RD围绕dsRNA形成了一个环,利用新的识别动机.
- 如SAXS和其他生物物理方法所示,RIG-I存在于延伸,灵活的构造,在RNA结合时紧.
- 这些发现支持了dsRNA转位模型,没有解和合作RNA结合.
结论:
- 这项研究为RIG-I的dsRNA识别机制提供了前所未有的原子层面的洞察力.
- 它强调了酶和RD域在RIG-I激活中的协同作用.
- 这些结构性见解对了解RNA干扰和DNA修复等RNA相关过程具有更广泛的意义.
相关概念视频
RNA Interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
RNA Interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
Types of RNA
Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
Types of RNA
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
RNA Performs Diverse...
Regulation of the Unfolded Protein Response
Inositol-requiring kinase one or IRE1 is the most conserved eukaryotic unfolded protein response (UPR) receptor. It is a type I transmembrane protein kinase receptor with a distinctive site-specific RNase activity. As the binding mechanics of the misfolded proteins with the N-terminal domain of IRE-1 are unclear, three binding models — direct, indirect, and allosteric -- are proposed for receptor activation. Nevertheless, it is known that once a misfolded protein associates with IRE1, it...
Experimental RNAi
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...


