由CTCF促进的RNA聚合酶II暂停将DNA甲基化与拼接联系起来
Sanjeev Shukla1, Ersen Kavak, Melissa Gregory
1Center for Cancer Research, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA.
Nature
|October 4, 2011
概括
CCCTC结合因子 (CTCF) 蛋白通过调节RNA聚合酶II暂停来影响替代拼接. 基因甲基化可以改变CTCF结合,影响外子包容,并提供对拼接结果的表观遗传控制.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 前传递 RNA (mRNA) 的替代拼接对于真核生物中转录组复杂性至关重要.
- 替代拼接的调节尚未完全理解,但协同转录的拼接酶组合表明DNA结构可能起到作用.
- 诸如基因组和DNA甲基化之类的表观遗传修饰,以及核子体占用,都在外原体上得到丰富,暗示表观遗传对拼接的影响.
研究的目的:
- 研究DNA结合蛋白在调节替代拼接中的作用.
- 为了确定CCCTC结合因子 (CTCF) 是否通过RNA聚合酶II暂停影响替代拼接.
- 探索DNA甲基化对CTCF结合的影响及其随后对替代拼接的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用CD45哺乳动物模型系统进行替代拼接研究.
- 进行全基因组分析,以评估CTCF在替代拼接中的作用.
- 研究了DNA甲基化对CTCF结合特定DNA序列 (例如CD45第5外因子) 的影响.
主要成果:
- 鉴定出CCCTC结合因子 (CTCF) 是一种促进弱上游外型子被纳入的蛋白质.
- CTCF调解了局部RNA聚合酶II的暂停,从而影响了替代拼接.
- 已经证明DNA甲基化可以抑制CTCF与CD45第5外子的结合,从而导致改变了5外子的包含.
结论:
- 通过调节转录延长,CTCF在调节替代拼接方面发挥着直接作用.
- 通过控制CTCF结合,DNA甲基化作为剪接的表观遗传调节剂.
- 这些发现确定了表观遗传标记与替代拼接的发育控制之间的机制联系.
相关概念视频
Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
The chromatin structure, especially...
Chromatin Structure and RNA Splicing
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
The chromatin structure, especially...
Transcription Elongation Factors
Transcription elongation is a dynamic process that alters depending upon the sequence heterogeneity of the DNA being transcribed. Hence, it is not surprising that the elongation complex's composition also varies along the way while transcribing a gene.
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA into a...
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA into a...
RNA Splicing
Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
RNA Splicing
Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
Transcription Attenuation in Prokaryotes
Transcriptional attenuation occurs when RNA transcription is prematurely terminated due to the formation of a terminator mRNA hairpin structure. Bacteria use these hairpins to regulate the transcription process and control the synthesis of several amino acids including histidine, lysine, threonine, and phenylalanine. Transcription attenuation takes place in the non-coding regions of mRNA.
There are several different mechanisms used to attenuate transcription. In ribosome mediated...
There are several different mechanisms used to attenuate transcription. In ribosome mediated...


