在小鼠嗅觉中嗅觉阶段的感知
Matthew Smear1, Roman Shusterman, Rodney O'Connor
1Janelia Farm Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, USA.
Nature
|October 14, 2011
概括
小鼠可以检测相对于它们的嗅觉周期的嗅觉神经激活的时间. 这表明哺乳动物的嗅觉系统可以解释时间模式,以快速,准确地感知气味.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 感官系统 感官系统
- 嗅觉是一种嗅觉.
背景情况:
- 哺乳动物的嗅觉系统根据神经元激活模式和时间编码气味.
- 与采样行为相对的神经活动时间在各种神经系统中至关重要.
- 没有证据表明嗅觉系统在嗅觉时使用时间线索.
研究的目的:
- 研究小鼠能否感知嗅觉激活的时间在嗅觉周期 (嗅觉阶段) 中.
- 为了确定嗅觉输入的时间模式是否被哺乳动物嗅觉系统利用.
主要方法:
- 在基因向小鼠中利用光遗传学来提供空间恒定的,时间控制的嗅觉输入.
- 根据嗅觉阶段评估光引起的嗅觉感官神经元激活的行为歧视.
- 在清醒的小鼠的嗅球中进行了电生理学记录.
主要成果:
- 小鼠在行为上报告了光遗传诱导的嗅觉感官神经元激活的嗅觉阶段.
- 在嗅探周期内,输入的差异变化仅为10毫秒.
- 嗅觉灯泡神经元编码相对于嗅觉的光激活时间,影响反应时间和振幅.
结论:
- 哺乳动物的嗅觉系统具有解释神经活动时间模式的能力.
- 相对于采样行为 (嗅觉阶段) 的嗅觉激活的时间是快速准确地感知气味的重要提示.
相关概念视频
01:25Olfaction
40.5K
The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
40.5K
01:03Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure
10.6K
The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
10.6K
01:20Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway
13.2K
Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...
The olfactory...
13.2K