人道主义环境中的心理健康和心理社会支持:将实践与研究联系起来
Wietse A Tol1, Corrado Barbui, Ananda Galappatti
1Global Health Initiative, MacMillan Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8206, USA. wietse.tol@yale.edu
Lancet (London, England)
|October 20, 2011
概括
在人道主义环境中,心理健康和心理社会支持往往发生在国家系统之外. 虽然一些干预措施对患有PTSD的成年人和患有内化症状的儿童有希望,但通常使用的做法缺乏严格的证据.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 在人道主义环境中,心理健康和心理社会福祉干预非常重要.
- 目前的做法,资金和这些干预措施的证据需要全面审查.
研究的目的:
- 在人道主义背景下将精神健康和心理社会支持干预措施的实践,资金和证据基础联系起来.
- 通过系统审查和元分析,确定共同实施的干预措施并评估其有效性.
主要方法:
- 审查了160份关于心理健康和心理社会支持活动 (2007-2010) 的报告.
- 从金融跟踪服务和债权人报告系统 (2007-2009) 分析资金数据.
- 32项受控研究的系统综述和元分析,包括13项随机对照试验 (RCT).
主要成果:
- 经常报告的活动包括基本咨询,社区支持促进和儿童友好的空间,通常在国家系统之外.
- 对7项RCT的元分析显示,对成人PTSD症状有有益影响 (SMD -0.38).
- 对6项RCT的元分析表明,对儿童内化症状 (SMD -0.24) 有好处,但对儿童PTSD症状没有好处.
结论:
- 在最频繁实施的干预措施和具有强有力的科学证据的干预措施之间存在很大的差距.
- 需要进一步的研究,以严格评估在人道主义环境中广泛使用的心理健康和心理社会支持实践.
- 调查结果强调,需要将研究工作与实际实施和资金优先事项相协调.
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