解决软体动物的进化关系,使用原始遗传学工具
Stephen A Smith1, Nerida G Wilson, Freya E Goetz
1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA.
Nature
|October 28, 2011
概括
这项研究使用转录组数据解决了软体动物的进化关系. 结果支持Aculifera类和Conchifera单基,澄清了Monoplacophora和Scaphopoda在Mollusca中的位置.
科学领域:
- * 动物学 动物学
- * 进化生物学 进化生物学
- * 遗传学学科 遗传学科
背景情况:
- * 软体动物表现出巨大的形态多样性,仅次于类动物在物种丰富方面.
- *尽管进行了广泛的研究,但软体动物内部的进化关系仍未得到充分解决,这影响了对起源和形态进化的理解.
- * 关键未解决的问题包括没有贝的aplacophorans的遗传位置和贝的软体动物 (Conchifera) 的单.
研究的目的:
- * 通过使用全面的分子数据,解决主要的软体动物群体之间的遗传关系.
- * 为了研究软体动物内外损失和收益的进化历史.
- *为未来关于软体动物发育和解剖学的研究提供一个强大的进化框架.
主要方法:
- *为15种不同类型的软体动物生成转录组数据.
- *将新数据与现有分子数据集集集成,分析了多达216,402个位点和1,185个基因区域.
- * 应用多种植物遗传模型和分析方法,以确保可靠的结果.
主要成果:
- * 强烈支持Aculifera (有刺的软体动物,缺乏真正的贝) 和Conchifera (没有贝的软体动物) 的单.
- * Monoplacophora被认为是Cephalopoda的姐妹群,而不是其他Conchifera.
- * 一个支持良好的分类包括Scaphopoda,Gastropoda和Bivalvia被确定,Scaphopoda和Gastropoda通常是姐妹群.
结论:
- *这项研究为软体动物提供了明确的分类学,澄清了长期存在的进化问题.
- *这些发现支持无和有的软体动物不同的进化轨迹.
- *已建立的遗传学框架将促进未来对软体动物进化,发育和比较解剖学的研究.
相关概念视频
01:28Microbial Phylogeny
Understanding the evolutionary relationships among microorganisms is fundamental to microbial ecology and taxonomy. Phylogenetic trees are essential tools for inferring these relationships, relying primarily on comparative analyses of molecular sequences such as DNA, RNA, or proteins. In microbial studies, these trees typically depict the evolutionary paths of diverse bacterial and archaeal species by mapping genetic differences accumulated over time.Phylogenetic trees are composed of tips,...
02:54Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
03:21Phylogenetic Trees
Phylogenetic trees come in many forms. It matters in which sequence the organisms are arranged from the bottom to the top of the tree, but the branches can rotate at their nodes without altering the information. The lines connecting individual nodes can be straight, angled, or even curved.
03:21Phylogenetic Trees
Phylogenetic trees come in many forms. It matters in which sequence the organisms are arranged from the bottom to the top of the tree, but the branches can rotate at their nodes without altering the information. The lines connecting individual nodes can be straight, angled, or even curved.
02:05Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?
The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
In contrast, regions which code...
02:05Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?
The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
In contrast, regions which code...