对永久土微生物群落的元基因组分析显示,它们对解的反应很快
Rachel Mackelprang1, Mark P Waldrop, Kristen M DeAngelis
1Department of Biology, California State University at Northridge, Northridge, California 91330, USA.
Nature
|November 8, 2011
概括
永久土的融化迅速改变了微生物群落和基因活动,加速了碳和循环. 这项研究揭示了微生物功能的转变,并确定了一种新的甲生产微生物.
科学领域:
- 环境微生物学环境微生物学
- 地质化学 地质化学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 永久土储存了大量的碳,由于全球气温上升,因此容易在解时释放.
- 解永久土中的微生物分解有机物会导致大量的温室气体排放.
- 了解微生物对永久土融化的反应对于预测气候反循环至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过深度元基因组测序,研究永久土融化的对微生物遗传学和功能基因的影响.
- 为了将微生物群落的变化与融化期间的甲排放相关联.
- 阐明微生物过程在永久土融化过程中的碳和循环中的作用.
主要方法:
- 永久土DNA的深度元基因组测序.
- 化永久土样本在5°C以模拟融化条件.
- 微生物遗传学和功能基因丰度和通路的分析.
- 从土壤元基因组数据构建基因组草案.
主要成果:
- 在从冷到解状态的过渡期间,观察到微生物基因丰度和生物化学途径的快速变化.
- 经过一周的融化化后,永久土的元基因组彼此变得更加相似.
- 参与碳和循环的基因表现出快速转变,同时发现了一种新型甲原体.
- 在解过程中释放的甲被甲型细菌消耗.
结论:
- 永久土的融化引发了微生物社区结构和功能中的显著和快速变化.
- 碳和的循环,特别是甲,在永久土的解中非常活跃.
- 超基因组方法为管理永久土生态系统的复杂微生物过程提供了全面的见解.
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