在MITF中出现的一种新型复发性突变会导致家族性和零星性黑色素瘤的发生
Satoru Yokoyama1, Susan L Woods, Glen M Boyle
1Department of Dermatology, Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
Nature
|November 15, 2011
概括
研究人员发现了一种新的基因变异,微相关转录因子 (MITF) E318K,与家族黑色素瘤风险有关. 这一发现突出了全基因组测序的重要意义.
科学领域:
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 皮肤病学 皮肤病学
背景情况:
- 人们对家族性黑色素瘤风险的了解还不完全,只有CDKN2A和CDK4被确定为主要的易感基因.
- 这些已知的基因占黑色素瘤家族遗传倾向的少数.
研究的目的:
- 使用全基因组测序识别与家族黑色素瘤易感性相关的新型基因.
- 为了研究微眼症相关转录因子 (MITF) 基因在黑色素瘤倾向中的作用.
主要方法:
- 来自黑色素瘤家族的个体的全基因组测序.
- 在携带新型MITF变种 (E318K) 的家庭中进行联系分析.
- 澳大利亚和英国人群的病例控制关联研究.
- 对MITF E318K变种的功能分析.
主要成果:
- 在容易患黑色素瘤的家族中,MITF (E318K) 中发现了一种新的生殖系变异.
- 在大型病例对照队列中,MITF E318K变异与黑色素瘤有显著的关联.
- 这种变体与黑色素瘤风险增加,家族病史,多发性初级黑色素瘤,更高的鼻数量和非蓝色眼睛有关.
- 功能性研究显示,MITF E318K变体对基因调节的受损和改变了基因调节.
结论:
- MITF被确定为一种新的黑色素瘤倾向基因.
- 该E318K变种代表了黑色素瘤的中间风险因素.
- 全基因组测序是发现与疾病易感性相关的罕见变异的一个有价值的工具.
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