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降解性碳氧化支持瘤细胞与缺陷线粒体的生长
Andrew R Mullen1, William W Wheaton, Eunsook S Jin
1Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas - Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75390-9063, USA.
Nature
|November 22, 2011
概括
有缺陷线粒体的癌细胞利用谷氨来进行还原性碳氧化,这是产生瘤生长必不可少的构建块的新途径. 当氧化代谢受损时,这种代谢适应支持宏分子合成.
科学领域:
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 癌症生物学 癌症生物学
- 代谢途径 代谢途径
背景情况:
- 线粒体代谢为癌细胞中的宏分子合成提供了前体.
- 瘤发生需要脂质合成,由氧化代谢产生的酸盐和乙辅酶A支持.
- 酸循环 (CAC) 或电子运输链 (ETC) 中的突变损害了线粒体功能,使前体生成机制不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究具有缺陷线粒体的癌细胞如何产生宏分子合成的前体.
- 为了确定支持瘤生长的替代代代谢途径,在没有功能性氧化代谢的情况下.
主要方法:
- 分析CAC或ETC成分突变的瘤细胞中的代谢途径.
- 研究谷氨胺代谢和还原性炭化.
- 酶活性测定NADP ((+) /NADPH依赖的异酸盐脱酶.
- 在患者衍生的细胞和药理上受抑制的细胞中进行代谢分析.
主要成果:
- 具有缺陷线粒体的瘤细胞主要使用依赖谷氨酸的还原性炭化来形成酸盐.
- 这一途径利用异酸脱酶异型,并为脂质合成提供乙-辅酶A.
- 降解途径产生了CAC代谢物和宏分子前体的四碳中间体.
- 这种代谢适应在具有ETC或CAC突变的快速生长的恶性细胞中占主导地位.
结论:
- 一种新的,多功能的依赖谷氨酸的途径通过逆转正规的CAC反应来支持瘤细胞的生长.
- 这种途径解释了癌细胞中的前体生成,而癌细胞的线粒体代谢受损.
- 针对这种减少途径可以为特定癌症类型提供治疗策略.
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