癌症干细胞及其利基之间的相互作用决定了转移性殖民
Ilaria Malanchi1, Albert Santamaria-Martínez, Evelyn Susanto
1Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research and National Center of Competence in Research Molecular Oncology, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Nature
|December 14, 2011
概括
癌症干细胞通过在遥远的器官中诱导流体内皮质素 (POSTN) 来启动转移性殖民. 这种细胞外矩阵蛋白对于癌症干细胞的维护和Wnt信号传递至关重要,突出了预防转移的新型治疗标.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 癌症生物学 癌症生物学
- 细胞外矩阵生物学 细胞外矩阵生物学
背景情况:
- 转移,即癌症扩散到遥远的器官,是癌症相关死亡的主要原因.
- 转移性殖民,癌细胞在次要部位的初始生长,是转移的一个低效的,速度限制的步骤.
- 特定的遥远组织是许多癌症类型的常见目标,这表明组织特定的因素影响转移成功.
研究的目的:
- 研究癌症干细胞和 stromal 利基信号在转移殖民中的作用.
- 确定关键的分子机制,使癌细胞能够在遥远的器官中建立生长.
- 探索针对转移过程的新型治疗策略.
主要方法:
- 癌症干细胞种群的分析及其在启动二次瘤生长中的作用.
- 研究瘤微环境中的细胞外矩阵成分,特别是质素 (POSTN).
- 研究透瘤细胞和目标器官 (如肺部) 中的肌肉细胞之间的相互作用.
- 评估癌症干细胞中Wnt信号通路的激活.
主要成果:
- 一个小数量的癌症干细胞对于在二次部位启动转移性殖民是至关重要的.
- 通过透瘤细胞诱导的流体环素 (POSTN) 表达,对于癌症干细胞的维持和转移性生长至关重要.
- 素 (POSTN) 通过招募Wnt配体来促进殖民,从而增强癌症干细胞中的Wnt信号传递.
- 在实验模型中,阻断质素 (POSTN) 功能有效地防止转移.
结论:
- 瘤细胞诱导的 stromal 细胞的"教育"以产生环素 (POSTN) 是转移殖民的一个关键步骤.
- 皮洛斯 (POSTN) 充当了干细胞和癌症干细胞之间的关键调解者,促进它们在远处的生存和繁殖.
- 针对 de novo 利基形成,特别是质素 (POSTN) 介导的信号传递,是对抗转移性疾病的有希望的治疗策略.
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