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使用纳米机械共振器进行微波放大
F Massel1, T T Heikkilä, J-M Pirkkalainen
1Low Temperature Laboratory, Aalto University, PO Box 15100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland. francesco.massel@aalto.fi
Nature
|December 16, 2011
概括
研究人员展示了一种使用机械振荡放大微波信号的新方法,实现了接近量子限制的噪声水平. 这种更简单的方法有望在集成电路敏感电信号检测方面取得进展.
科学领域:
- 量子力学和纳米机械系统
- 微波信号处理和放大方式
背景情况:
- 敏感的电信号测量对于现代技术至关重要.
- 量子力学规定了信号检测中添加噪声的基本极限,称为量子极限.
- 使用约瑟夫森连接的超导器件接近这个极限,但很复杂.
研究的目的:
- 介绍和演示一种新的概念,用于微波信号的近量子限放大.
- 提出一种基于机械的放大方案,在概念上和实践上比现有方法更简单.
- 探索机械共振器在先进信号处理方面的潜力.
主要方法:
- 使用由辐射压力驱动的纳米机械共振器.
- 使用微波腔来接收输入信号.
- 通过信号和机械共振器的相互作用,诱导连贯的刺激发射.
主要成果:
- 实现了25分贝的信号放大.
- 观察到增加了20个量子噪声,与理论量子有限预测一致.
- 展示了一个基于两个线性振荡器的通用方案.
结论:
- 机械微波放大提供了一个有希望的途径,以实现近量子有限的操作.
- 展示的方法比基于约瑟夫森连接的设备更简单,更通用.
- 预计这种方法将使集成电路中的广泛应用成为可能,这些电路需要高灵敏度的信号检测.
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