转录和mRNA稳定性:建议家长提供指导
Vivian Bellofatto1, Jeffrey Wilusz
1Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA. bellofat@umdnj.edu
Cell
|December 27, 2011
概括
通过合成和衰变来控制mRNA水平. 新的研究表明,转录因子和DNA促进剂直接调节mRNA稳定性,整合这些过程.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 基因法规 基因法规
背景情况:
- 细胞mRNA水平是由合成 (转录) 和降解 (衰变) 之间的平衡决定的.
- 了解mRNA稳定性的调节对于控制基因表达至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究mRNA合成和衰变过程的整合.
- 为了确定转录因子和DNA促进剂是否影响mRNA稳定性.
主要方法:
- 分析mRNA合成和衰变动力学.
- 研究特定的转录因子和促进元件的作用.
主要成果:
- 有证据表明,转录因子和DNA促进剂直接影响mRNA的稳定性.
- 这些元素可以影响它们产生的转录的相对衰变率.
结论:
- 转录和mRNA衰变不是独立的,而是集成的过程.
- 转录因子和DNA促进体在调节mRNA稳定性方面发挥着直接作用,提供了一种新的基因表达调节层.
相关概念视频
01:53RNA Stability
Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
01:53RNA Stability
Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
02:41Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
The chromatin structure, especially...
02:51mRNA Stability and Gene Expression
The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
02:51mRNA Stability and Gene Expression
The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
01:23Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...