金伯利特的上升是通过同化燃料的浮力来实现的
James K Russell1, Lucy A Porritt, Yan Lavallée
1Volcanology and Petrology Laboratory, Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada. krussell@eos.ubc.ca
Nature
|January 20, 2012
概括
由于一种新的机制,金伯利特岩迅速上升,其中碳酸盐类融物同化地幔矿物质,导致挥发性溶解. 这一过程解释了它们的深层起源,高速运行,以及携带密集的异石 (包括钻石) 的能力.
科学领域:
- *地质化学和岩石学:研究深层陆地岩的起源和上升机制.
背景情况:
- *金伯利特岩起源于极深的海底,并且只能在石坑中发现.
- *它们运输大量的地幔外石和外晶,包括钻石.
- *这些密集的岩石的快速上升归因于挥发性溶解 (CO2和H2O),但机制尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- *阐明在金伯岩岩中自发,高效和持续挥发性溶解的机制.
- * 为了解释充满密集的异岩的金伯石的快速和加速的上升.
- * 连接kimberlite形成到克拉顿地幔石层过程.
主要方法:
- * 采用高温实验性岩石学来模拟岩上升条件.
- *这项研究重点关注碳酸盐类融物与地幔矿物相互作用的行为.
主要成果:
- *金伯利特家长化物起源于碳酸盐类化物.
- *这些融物对地幔矿物质 (如正氧化) 的同化增加了含量.
- *增加的二氧化含量大大降低了二氧化碳的可溶性,引发了强烈的液体溶解.
结论:
- * 拟议的机制解释了石浮力和快速上升所必需的持续挥发性溶解.
- * 这个过程解释了金伯石携带的高石负载 (包括钻石).
- *这些发现直接将金伯利特岩石岩与克拉地幔石层中的过程联系起来,并解释了它们的化学多样性.
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