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冰川和冰盖最近对海平面上升的贡献
Thomas Jacob1, John Wahr, W Tad Pfeffer
1Department of Physics and Cooperative Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA.
Nature
|February 10, 2012
概括
冰川和冰盖 (GICs) 在2003-2010年间以每年148±30 Gt的速度失去质量,这对海平面上升作出了重大贡献. 这项研究使用卫星重力数据为GIC提供了更准确的全球质量平衡估计.
科学领域:
- 冰川学和气候科学 冰川学和气候科学
- 地球系统科学 地球系统科学
- 冰层研究 冰层研究
背景情况:
- 冰川和冰盖 (GICs) 是全球海平面上升的主要驱动因素.
- 之前对GIC的质量平衡估计受到稀疏测量的限制,导致它们对海平面贡献的不确定性.
- 准确的GIC质量平衡对于了解气候变化影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 用一种新的方法提供GIC质量平衡的全面评估.
- 量化GIC对2003年至2010年全球海平面上升的贡献.
- 将新发现与现有估计进行比较,特别是在亚洲高山等地区.
主要方法:
- 利用全球,同时逆转每月的重力恢复和气候实验 (GRACE) 卫星重力场.
- 所有超过100平方公里的冰覆盖区域的计算质量变化.
- 专注于2003年1月至2010年12月的时间段.
主要成果:
- GICs (不包括格陵兰和南极的边缘GICs) 以每年148 ± 30 Gt的速度失去质量,每年贡献0.41 ± 0.08 mm的海平面上升.
- 这一GIC质量损失率大约比同期之前的一些估计低30%.
- 亚洲高山地区的质量损失明显低于之前报告的 (4±20 Gt/年).
结论:
- 该研究为GICs提供了更强大的全球质量平衡估计,精细化了它们对海平面上升的贡献.
- 在全球范围内,GRACE卫星数据为监测冰层变化提供了强大的工具.
- 这些发现突出了GIC质量损失的区域差异,并强调需要更新评估.
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