美国1986年9种慢性疾病造成的过度死亡
R A Hahn1, S M Teutsch, R B Rothenberg
1Division of Surveillance and Epidemiologic Studies, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
JAMA
|November 28, 1990
概括
美国的慢性病死亡率显示出显著的过剩,通过减少风险因素,预期寿命可能增加4年. 这项研究量化了主要慢性疾病引起的可预防死亡.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 预防医学 预防医学
背景情况:
- 慢性疾病在美国代表着严重的公共卫生负担.
- 各州死亡率的变化表明有改善的潜力.
研究的目的:
- 为量化美国九种主要慢性疾病的过度死亡率.
- 通过消除风险因素来估计潜在的死亡率降低和预期寿命增加.
主要方法:
- 分析了1986年9种慢性疾病的年龄调整后死亡率.
- 比率与州特定的最低值和消除风险因素后的理论最低值进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 与最低的州率相比,州级过度死亡率在0%至37%之间.
- 消除每种疾病中的一个风险因素可以将死亡率降低26%-54%,每年预防约524,000例死亡.
- 达到这一最低率可以使预期寿命增加4年.
结论:
- 美国存在严重的慢性疾病过度死亡率,这突显出有很大的改善空间.
- 有针对性的降低风险因素提供了一种强有力的策略,可以减少慢性病死亡率并改善人口健康.
- 专注于风险因素修改的公共卫生干预措施有可能大幅提高预期寿命.
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