IDH突变损害了基因组脱甲基化,并导致细胞分化的阻断
Chao Lu1, Patrick S Ward, Gurpreet S Kapoor
1Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA.
Nature
|February 21, 2012
概括
突变的异酸脱酶 (IDH) 酶产生2 - 基酸盐 (2HG),该酶通过抑制基因素脱甲基化来阻止细胞分化. 这一发现对了解质瘤等IDH突变癌症有意义.
科学领域:
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 癌症生物学 癌症生物学
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
背景情况:
- 同位酸脱酶1 (IDH1) 和IDH2的反复突变在各种癌症中被发现,包括质瘤和急性髓性白血病 (AML).
- 这些突变的IDH酶具有一种新的功能:从α-甲酸盐中产生2-基酸盐 (2HG).
研究的目的:
- 调查2HG生成的IDH突变体在防止基因素脱甲基化中的作用.
- 为了确定抑制基因组脱甲基化是否有助于阻断非转化细胞中的细胞分化.
主要方法:
- 对来自质瘤患者的瘤样本进行基因表达特征和基因素甲基化分析.
- 在体外实验中使用突变的IDH或细胞透的2HG来评估脂肪细胞分化.
- 突变的IDH稳定转化为不朽化星球细胞,并监测基因素甲基化.
- 抑制KDM4C的RNA干扰,以评估其在分化中的作用.
主要成果:
- 质瘤中的IDH突变与原始细胞基因表达和增加的基因素甲基化相关.
- 引入突变的IDH或2HG阻断了脂肪细胞分化,增加了压制性组织蛋白标记.
- 在星球细胞中突变的IDH的稳定表达导致了渐进的基因组甲基化积累.
- 在分化过程中诱导了KDM4C,2HG抑制的H3K9脱甲基酶,其抑制阻断了分化.
结论:
- 由突变的IDH产生的2HG抑制了基因组脱甲基化.
- 抑制基因素脱甲基化足以阻止非转化细胞的分化.
- 这些发现阐明了一种机制,IDH突变有助于瘤发生.
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