皮肤感染会产生非迁移性记忆CD8+ T(RM) 细胞,提供全球皮肤免疫力
Xiaodong Jiang1, Rachael A Clark, Luzheng Liu
1Department of Dermatology and Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Nature
|March 6, 2012
概括
局部皮肤感染会在皮肤中产生长期存储的T细胞. 与循环的记忆T细胞相比,这些皮肤T (RM) 细胞提供了对再感染的更好的保护,提供了新的疫苗策略.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 传统上,免疫记忆与血液和淋巴结有关.
- 在外围组织中的T细胞 (T (RM)) 代表了一个较新的概念.
- 了解T (RM) 细胞功能对于组织特异性免疫至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在小鼠疫苗病毒 (VACV) 感染后,研究皮肤中CD8+ T(RM) 细胞的生成和功能.
- 将皮肤T (RM) 细胞的保护能力与循环的中央记忆T (T (CM)) 细胞进行比较.
- 为了确定皮肤T (RM) 细胞的分布和寿命.
主要方法:
- 在小鼠中诱导局部VACV皮肤感染.
- 对CD8+T细胞在皮肤上招募的分析.
- 使用寄生菌小鼠来区分循环T细胞和定居T细胞.
- 评估病毒清除和在再次感染时的保护.
主要成果:
- 局部化皮肤感染会在整个皮肤中产生长寿的,非循环的CD8+皮肤T (RM) 细胞.
- 皮肤T (RM) 细胞是强大的效应细胞,在提供快速,长期保护皮肤再感染方面优于循环T (CM) 细胞.
- CD8+ T 细胞在皮肤上的招募是快速的,并且独立于 CD4+ T 细胞和干扰素-γ,但需要选择联体表达.
- 皮肤T (RM) 细胞持续至少6个月,并在重复感染时积累,增强非受感染皮肤的保护.
结论:
- 与循环的记忆T细胞相比,皮肤内存CD8+T细胞提供了较高的保护性免疫力,防止病毒再感染.
- 这些发现强调了在上皮屏障上组织居民免疫记忆的重要性.
- 这项研究提出了针对产生强大的皮肤T (R) 细胞的新型疫苗策略,以保护皮肤免受组织热带病原体的影响.
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