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相关概念视频

Solubility03:00

Solubility

Solution, Solubility, and Solubility Equilibrium
A solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of a solvent, the major component, and a solute, the minor component. The physical state of a solution—solid, liquid, or gas—is typically the same as that of the solvent. Solute concentrations are often described with qualitative terms such as dilute (of relatively low concentration) and concentrated (of relatively high concentration).
In a solution, the solute particles (molecules, atoms, and/or ions)...
Recrystallization: Solid–Solution Equilibria01:10

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Recrystallization is a purification technique used to separate impurities from solid compounds. In this technique, no chemical reactions occur. Instead, it exploits physical properties only, specifically, the solubility differences between the desired compound and impurities, either at a single temperature or at different temperatures, and under other selected conditions. The solid-solution equilibrium (solubility equilibrium) of each component in the solution represents a binary phase...
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Polymorphism refers to the existence of a drug substance in multiple crystalline forms, known as polymorphs. Recently, this term has been expanded to include solvates (forms containing a solvent), amorphous forms (non-crystalline forms), and desolvated solvates (forms from which the solvent has been removed).
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The formation of a solution is an example of a spontaneous process, which is a process that occurs under specified conditions without energy from some external source.
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溶液pH的可逆变化是由于热敏聚合物溶解度的变化导致的.

Yanfei Yang1, Alexander J Mijalis, Hui Fu

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, USA.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|April 12, 2012
PubMed
概括

具有较低临界溶液温度 (LCST) 特性的聚合物可以改变溶液pH. 这种pH值的变化发生在聚合物上的两子悬挂组与相位过渡期间变化的水分相互作用时,可逆地发生.

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科学领域:

  • 聚合物化学 聚合物化学
  • 物理化学 物理化学
  • 解决方案化学 解决方案化学

背景情况:

  • 具有较低临界溶液温度 (LCST) 的聚合物随着温度的增加,呈现出从可溶性到不溶性的相变.
  • 聚合物上的两极体悬挂组,如碳酸盐或盐,在LCST诱导的相分离过程中经历了改变的溶解环境.
  • 溶解的变化显著影响这些两基团的酸度或度.

研究的目的:

  • 研究聚合物中较低临界溶液温度 (LCST) 现象引起的溶液pH的可逆变化.
  • 探索两悬挂组在相变期间对聚合物行为的影响.
  • 通过聚合物LCST事件来证明控制散装溶液pH的潜力.

主要方法:

  • 采用具有悬挂两基组 (碳酸盐,盐) 和较低临界溶液温度 (LCST) 特性的聚合物.
  • 溶解聚合物在溶液中的pH值接近悬挂组的pK (a).
  • 在LCST事件期间,监测溶液pH值变化作为温度的函数.
  • 使用常见指标和直接pH测量观察pH变化.
  • 调查宇宙热带盐对LCST诱导的pH值变化的影响.

主要成果:

  • 由LCST诱导的聚合物沉导致两悬挂组的酸度/度发生显著和可逆的变化.
  • 碳酸盐盐捕获质子,形成碳酸盐,而盐释放质子,在相位分离过程中形成中性胺.
  • 具有足够的共纳荷载的聚合物 (如聚N-异烯胺) 可以改变其LCST附近的散装溶液pH值.
  • 可逆的pH变化被用指标视觉确认,并通过pH监测进行定量测量.
  • 添加宇宙盐也会触发与LCST事件相关的可逆溶液pH变化.

结论:

  • 伴随着聚合物LCST事件的水合变化可以被利用来调节悬挂两组的酸度/度.
  • 这种现象可以通过调整聚合物结构和环境条件来对散装溶液pH值进行可逆控制.
  • 这项研究展示了一种新的pH操纵方法,使用刺激响应的聚合物.