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扩展的叶子表观和秋季在落叶森林入侵中
1Department of Biology, Syracuse University, 107 College Place, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA. fridley@syr.edu
Nature
|April 27, 2012
概括
与本地物种相比,美国东部的入侵性森林物种将秋季生长季节延长四周. 这种扩展的叶子表态显著改变了森林的生产力和营养循环.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 森林科学 森林科学 森林科学
- 侵入性物种 生物学 生物学
背景情况:
- 森林现象学,包括叶子的出现和衰老,极大地影响生态系统功能,如生产力和营养循环.
- 底层植物中扩展的叶子表态,特别是在树冠前关闭或树冠后秋季期间,与森林物种入侵有关.
- 了解本地和入侵物种之间的现象时间差异对于预测森林生态系统对气候变化的反应至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查美国东部本地和入侵性森林物种生长现象学的系统差异.
- 为了确定入侵物种是否对延长春季或秋季生长周期的变暖趋势表现出更强的反应.
- 评估入侵物种现象特征对森林生产力和碳循环的影响.
主要方法:
- 一项为期3年的监测研究对43种本地和30种非本地灌木和柳物种在美国东部的树叶森林中进行了监测.
- 在研究期间,追踪了叶子现象学,包括叶子出现和衰老的时间.
- 收集季节性叶子生产和光合作用数据以量化碳同化模式.
主要成果:
- 与本地物种相比,非本地物种表现出延长的秋季叶状现象,将生长季节平均延长四周.
- 没有一致的证据表明,非本地物种比本地物种更有效地启动早春生长或跟踪年度间的春季温度变化.
- 大多数非本地物种每年吸收碳的很大一部分是在树冠叶落后发生的,这种行为在本地物种中基本上不存在.
结论:
- 美国东部的入侵性森林底层物种通常表现出延伸的秋季叶类现象学,在利用树冠后条件方面明显超过本地人.
- 这些现象学差异表明,入侵物种正在推动森林生产力的季节性再分配,可能与气候变化一样影响生态系统过程.
- 侵略者独特的时间资源使用突显出一种关键机制,即非本土植物改变森林生态系统动态.
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