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青春期和健康的社会决定因素
Russell M Viner1, Elizabeth M Ozer, Simon Denny
1UCL Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK. rviner@ich.ucl.ac.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|April 28, 2012
概括
社会决定因素显著影响青少年的健康和未来的福祉. 结构性因素,如国家财富和教育机会是关键,与支持家庭和学校一起,对于健康的青年发展.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 青少年的健康受到多个层面的社会决定因素的关键影响:个人,家庭,社区和国家.
- 在青春期建立的健康和行为强烈预测成人健康,使这些形成年对人口健康和经济发展至关重要.
- 青春期涉及显著的发育变化,包括青春期和大脑发育,影响社会领域的行为和过渡,这些行为和过渡是由社会经济因素塑造的,并导致健康不平等.
研究的目的:
- 审查现有关于社会决定因素对青少年健康影响的数据.
- 介绍国家层面对10-24岁个体健康的生态分析结果.
- 确定影响青少年健康和福祉的关键结构和社会因素.
主要方法:
- 关于青少年健康的社会决定因素的现有科学文献的审查.
- 使用国家级数据对10-24岁年轻人的生态分析.
- 检查结构因素 (国家财富,收入不平等,教育机会) 和社会因素 (家庭,同龄人,学校支持).
主要成果:
- 结构因素,包括国家财富,收入不平等和获得教育,是青少年健康的最重要的全球决定因素.
- 家庭,学校和同龄人提供的安全和支持的环境对于青少年的发展和健康至关重要.
- 随着发展过渡与国家内的社会经济因素相互作用,健康轨迹的不平等现象出现.
结论:
- 全球范围内改善青少年健康需要在家庭,同龄人群和学校中增强日常生活经验.
- 应对社会环境中的风险和保护因素的人口层面干预是必不可少的.
- 结构性变化,如改善教育和就业机会,减少与交通有关的伤害,是改善青少年健康状况的最有效策略.
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