进化性权衡,帕雷托最佳性,以及表型空间的几何形状
O Shoval1, H Sheftel, G Shinar
1Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 28, 2012
概括
生物系统在执行多个任务时面临权衡,限制最佳性能. 这项研究表明,最好的折衷现象型是专门原型的平均值,解释了自然界中观察到的特征模式.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 定量生物学 定量生物学
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
背景情况:
- 生物系统经常执行多个功能,导致固有的权衡,其中一个单一的表型不能是所有任务的最佳.
- 了解这些权衡如何影响生命的多样性,对于进化论和生态学研究至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究生物权衡如何影响自然系统中观察到的表型范围.
- 应用帕雷托前沿概念来建模和解释在多任务约束下表型的分布.
主要方法:
- 从经济学和工程学中利用帕雷托前线概念来建模表型多样性.
- 分析了原型现象型 (专注于单一任务) 和最佳权衡现象型之间的关系.
- 检查经验数据,包括细菌基因表达和达尔文的形态,以验证模型.
主要成果:
- 确定了最好的权衡表型,作为原型的加权平均值.
- 证明,对于两个任务,表型位于连接原型的直线上,解释线性特征相关性和等量学.
- 表明,对于三个任务,表型属于由原型定义的三角形,与形态学研究一致.
结论:
- 巴雷托前线框架有效地解释了由多任务权衡形成的表型分布.
- 该模型为推断在生物系统中驱动观察到的表型的基本任务提供了基础.
- 研究结果提供了对各种生物体进化约束和特征多样化的洞察.
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